A Short History of the Middle Ages Fourth Edition

clerical celibacy, 74 , 165
clerical marriage, 74 , 164 –65, 170
definition of, 331
taxation of, 258 –59
Clericis laicos (1296) (Boniface VIII), 259
cloth/clothes/clothing, 4 , 10 , 22 , 63 , 84 , 89 , 102 –3, 131 , 163 , 174 , 189 , 219 , 231 , 252 , 279 , 286 , 300 , 303 ,
322
sumptuary legislation, 286
Clovis I, Merovingian king (r.481/482–511), 24 –25, 61
Clovis II, Merovingian king (d.657), 63
Cluniac Order/Cluniacs, 165
Cluny, 164 –65
Cnut, king of England (r.1016–1035), 138 –39, 173
Codex Justinianus. See law/laws/lawyers
coinage. See economy, coins
collegiate church, 221
definition of, 331
Cologne, 141 , 144 , 170 –71, 262 , 317
colonialism, 323
Columba Altarpiece (1450s) (van der Weyden), 317 –20, 318 –19
Columbanus, Saint (543–615), 64 , 106
Columbus, Christopher (1451–1506), 324
Commedia (Divine Comedy) (Alighieri), 267
commenda, 163
common law, 203 , 208 , 237
commons. See orders, of society
commune/communes, 164 , 169 , 179 , 192 , 208 , 210 , 213 –14, 219 , 248 , 250 , 286 , 297 , 306
Communion. See Eucharist
Comneni, 159 , 200
genealogy, 159
compagnia, 163
Comtessa de Dia (fl. late 12th–early 13th cent.), 215 –16
conciliarists/conciliar movement, 302
confessio, 18 –21
Orant fresco (2nd half of 4th cent.), 18 , 19 , 21
Conrad III, king and emp. (r.1138–1152), 208
Consolation of Philosophy (Boethius), 25