Writing Academic English 4th Edition

Cbapter 10 ITypesofSentences 163

A fewofthemostcommonsubordinatorsfollow.Fora completelist,turntoAppen-

dixC,pages292-295.

rapidlyinwarmclimatezones.

(Complement)

rose.

evaporates

Verb

1. Globalizationmeansmoretravelforbusinessmenandwomen.


2. Asbusinessexecutivesflyaroundtheglobetoselltheir
   companies'productsandservices


3. Jetlagaffectsmostlong-distancetravelers


4. Whichissimplytheurgetosleepatinappropriatetimes


5. Duringlong journeysthroughseveraltimezones,thebody's
   innerclockis disrupted


6. Forsomereason,travelfromwesttoeastcausesgreaterjetlag
   thantravelfromeasttowest

Dep.

lodep.

Subordinators

after before that when which

although eventhough though whenever while

as,justas how unless where who

asif if until wherever whom

assoonas since what whether whose

because sothat

Subordinator Subject Verb (Complement)

when thesun rose ...

because water evaporates rapidlyinwarmclimatezones

whom thevoters elected ...

if thedrought continues foranotheryear ...

Subject

Thesun

Water

Rememberthatanindependentclausebyitselfisa completesentence,buta depend-

entclausebyitselfis anincompletesentence.WriteIndep.nexttothecompletesen-

tencesandputa period(.)afterthem.WriteDep.nexttotheincompletesentences.

Thefirsttwohavebeendoneforyouasexamples.

Adependentclausebeginswitha subordinatorsuchaswhen,while,if,that,orwho.

Adependentclausedoesnotexpressa completethought,soitisnota sentenceby

itself.A dependentclauseisalsocalledasentencefragment.Byitself,it is anincom-

pletesentence,andit is anerror.Adependentclauseis formedwitha subordinator,

a subject,anda verb.

Anindependentclausecontainsa subjectanda verbandexpressesa complete

thought.Itcanstandaloneasa sentencebyitself.Anindependentclauseis fOlmed

witha subjectanda verbandoftena complement.

Independentand

DependentClauses

Dependent

Ctauses

lndependent
Clauses