Writing Academic English 4th Edition

Concession(UnexpectedResult)Clauses

CORRECT

CORRECT

CORRECT

NOTPOSSIBLE

~

ContrastClauses

Cbapter 13 I AdverbClauses 223

A concessionclausemeans"Thisideais true,buttheideaintheindependentclause

is moreimportant."

Theseclausesaresometimescalled "unexpectedresult"clausesbecausethe

informationintheindependentclauseis surprisingorunexpectedbasedontheinfor-

mationgivenintheconcessionclause.

-. '- .. -

although AlthoughIhadstudiedallnight,I failedthetest.

eventhough Ourhouseis quitecomfortableeventhoughitissmall.

though Thoughthecitizenshaddespisedtheoldregime,theydislikedthenew

governmentevenmore.

Notes

1.Although,eventhough,andthoughhavealmostthesamemeaning.Though

is lessformal.Eventhoughisa littlestrongerthanalthough.--

2.Somewritersfollowthenormalcommaruleforadverbclauses:Usea

commaonlywhentheconcessionclausecomesbeforetheindependent

clause.Otherwritersusea commabetweenthetwoclausesnomatter

whichordertheyarein.

3.Becarefulaboutwhichclauseyouusethesubordinatorwith.Sometimes

youcanuseit witheitherclause,butnotalways.

Helovessportscars,althoughhedrivesa sedan.

Althoughhelovessportscars,hedrivesa sedan.

I wentswimming,eventhoughthewaterwasfreezing.

EventhoughI wentswimming,thewaterwasfreezing.

Don'tforgetthatthereareotherwaystoexpresscontrast.Refertothesectionon

contrastsignalwordsinChapter7,pages119-120.

A. Step1 Decidewhetherthetwoclausesineachitemexpressdirectopposition

orconcession.(Therearefourofeach.)

Step2 Addanappropriatecontrastsubordinatortooneoftheclauses.Use

eachsubordinatoratleastonce.(Youwillusewhileandwhereas

twiceeach.)

Step3 Writea newsentencebycombiningtheclauses,and adda comma.

Step 4 Circlethesubordinator.

Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyouasanexample.