Writing Academic English 4th Edition

Icoed:coeducational,sharedbymenandwomen

WhilepreparingfortheTOEFL,helivedwitha family.

PreparingfortheTOEFL,helivedwitha family.

Helivedwitha familywhilepreparingfortheTOEFL

WhenhewasaskedabouthislifeintheUnitedStates,hesaid

thathewasenjoyinghimselfbutthathewasa littlehomesick.

WhenaskedabouthislifeintheUnitedStates,hesaidthat

hewasenjoyinghimselfbutthathewasa littlehomesick.

(Placingthe-ingphraseattheendofsentenceresultsin

awkwardness:Hesaidthathewasenjoyinghimselfbutthathe

wasamtlehomesickwhenaskedabouthislifeintheUnited

States.It soundsasifheishomesickonlywhenheisasked

abouthislifeintheUnitedStates.)

AskedabouthislifeintheUnitedStates,hesaidthathewas

enjoyinghimselfbutthathewasa littlehomesick.

GraduallygettingusedtothewayoflifeintheUnitedStates,

hebecamelesshomesick.

Because(Since/As)Carloscamefroma veryconservativefamily,

hewasshockedattheU.S.systemofcoedldormitories.

Comingfromaveryconservativefamily,Carloswas

shockedat theU.S.systemofcoeddormitories.

(Placingthe-ingphraseattheendofthesentencedoesnotwork

wellinthisexample:CarloswasshockedattheAmerican

systemofcoeddormitoriescomingfromaveryconservative

family.It soundsasifthedormitoriescomefromaconservative

family.)

AshegraduallygotusedtothewayoflifeintheUnitedStates,

hebecamelesshomesick.

when

while

RetainorDelete

after AfterhehadpassedtheTOEFLexam,hebecamea freshmanin

college.

AfterpassingtheTOEFLexam,hebecamea freshmanin

college.

(Theperfectform,AfterhavingpassedtheTOEFLexam,isnot

necessarybecausethewordafteralreadyindicatesthetime

relationship.)

HavingpassedtheTOEFLexam,hebecamea freshmanin

college.

Hebecamea freshmanincollegeafterpassingtheTOEFLexam.

WhilehewaspreparingfortheTOEFL,helivedwitha family.

as(time)

Delete

because

since

as(reason)

260 Part 111 ISentenceStructure