Dance Anatomy & Kinesiology

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TABLE 7.9 Fundamental Movements of the Wrist and Hand and the Muscles That Can Produce Them

Wrist

MP

PIP

DIP

CMC of thumb

Flexion

Exten-sion

Radial deviation

Ulnar

deviation

Flexion

Exten-sion

Abduc-

tion

Adduc-

tion Flexion

Exten-sion Flexion

Exten-sion Flexion

Exten-sion

Abduc-

tion

Adduc-

tion

Oppos-ition

Muscles of the wrist Flexor car

pi radialis

P

P

Flexor carpi ulnaris

P

P

Palmaris longus

P

Extensor carpi radialis longus

P

P

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

P

P

Extensor carpi ulnaris

P

P

Extrinsic muscles of the fingers and wrist Flexor digitorum profundus

S

P

P

Flexor digitorum superficialis

S

P

P

Extensor digitorum

S

P

P

P

Extensor indicis

S

P

P

P

Extensor digiti minimi

S

P

S

P

P

Intrinsic muscles of the fingers Lumbricals

P

P

P

Dorsal interossei

S

P

S

S

Palmar interossei

S

P

S

S

Abductor digiti minimi

S

P

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

P

Opponens digiti minimi

P

P

Extrinsic muscles of the thumb (pollex) Flexor pollicis longus

S

S

P

S

Extensor pollicis longus

S

S

P

P

P

Extensor pollicis brevis

S

P

P

S

Abductor pollicis longus

S

S

SP

Intrinsic muscles of the thumb (pollex) Flexor pollicis brevis

PS

Opponens pollicis

P

Adductor pollicis

P

Abductor pollicis brevis

PS

P = primary action(s) of muscle; S = secondary action(s) of muscle; MP = metacarpophalangeal joint; PIP = proximal interphalangeal joint (for thumb PIP equivalent to interphalangeal joint); DIP = distal interphalangeal joint; CMC = carpo-metacarpal joint of thumb.