INDEX352
nàlv 䛙䠂/䛙㼅 there 7.1
name cards 22.2, 22.3
names 11.2, 22.1
ntr ݵଠ/ވଠ where? 7.1, 28.10, 47.1
nàr ݵ䛙/ވ䛙 there 7.1
ne ઘ 28.7
near see distance
need not see obligations
negation 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 17.2, 18.2, 27;
none, not any, no matter how 46
néng 㜳 ability, physical ability 12.1, 12.6,
52.2, 52.4, 62.2, 62.3
new information see new situations
new situations 38.1, 38.2, 38.3, 38.4, 38.5
New Year greetings 64.1
next (week/month/year) 36.1, 36.3, 49.4, 49.5
no matter how ᙄѾ/ᙄ哳 zunme 46.4, 46.5
none ӶѾ/⭐哲 shénme + neg. 46
no one 䈷/䃦 shéi + neg. 46
not anymore with change of state Ҽ le 38.1,
38.2, 38.3
not have to see obligations
noun and noun phrase modification with
Ⲻ de 9.1–9.6, 29.2, 29.3, describing
people, places and things 30
noun modifiers in a series 9.5
nouns 5.1
numbers 6; estimates 6.6; fractions and
percentages 6.7; ordinal numbers 6.5,
half ঀ bàn 6.8, 49.1, 49.2object, direct and indirect 4.1, 21.1
obligations 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 50.1, 50.4, 50.5
obligatory objects and action verb 13.3
o’clock 49.1, 49.6
on see prepositions and prepositional
phrases
ongoing actions 39.4
only cái ᢃ, ቧ jiù, ਠ zhh 15
on the contrary see contrast
opinions 45.3, 54.2, 54.3
or 䘎ᱥ/䚺ᱥ háishi, ᡌ㘻 huòzhg 16.1,
䘎ᱥ/䚺ᱥ háishi 28.6
ordinal numbers 6.5
ought to see obligations
ownership see possessionpà ᙋ fear 55
passive 21; and bt ᣀ 21.2; conveying bad
news 21.1, 21.3
past, experience verb suffix 䗽/䚄 guo 13,
37.6, 37.7; focusing on a detail of a pastevent with ᱥ shì... Ⲻ de 37.9, 48.5;
perform an action again in the past ৾ yòu
37.5; completion and the past 37
percentages 6.7
perfective aspect see aspect
permission 51.1, 51.2, 51.5
phonetic see Chinese characters
phrase order 4.1–4.4
physical ability 㜳 néng 12.1, 12.6, 52.2,
52.4, 62.2, 62.3
Pinyin romanization 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
possession, expressing with Ⲻ de 5.2, 9.2,
29.2, 29.3; expressing with ᴿ ywu 29.1
possibility Ր/ᴹ huì 12.1, 52.3, 52.5
potential complements see resultative verbs,
directional verbs
potential with ᗍ de and у bù 17.5, 18.2,
18.3, 18.4, 18.6, 32.2, 32.4–32.9
praise see compliments
prepositions and prepositional phrases 4.3, 14
present situations and present time
34.1–34.3, 34.5, 34.6
prices 6.10, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5
progressive aspect see aspect
prohibitions 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 50.2,
50.4, 51
pronouns 5.1, 5.3què প/ but, yet 41.4
questions 28, asking questions and question
phrase order 4.3, 28.9; content questions
28.8–28.11, 30.2; either–or 䘎ᱥ/䚺ᱥ
háishi questions 16.1, 28.6; follow-up
questions with ઘ ne 28.7; yes–no
questions 10.1, 10.2, 17.3, 17.6, 28.1–28.5radical see Chinese characters
ràng 䇟/䇉 21.1, 51.4
ránhòu ❬/❬ᗂ afterwards 25.1
reason and result 44
reflexive pronoun 㠠ᐧ zìjv self, oneself, 5.1,
15.3, 39.7, 46.6
refusals 62.2, 62.3, 62.4
regarding ӄީ/䰒᯲ guanyú 28.11, 34.6,
54.5, 57.6; 㠩ӄ/㠩᯲ zhìyú 25.4
relative clause see noun and noun phrase
modification
relatives see kinship terms
rènshi 䇚䇼/䃃䆎 know, recognize 23.2, 23.3,
54.1
requesting repetition or clarification 25.1,
25.2