resultative suffixes with figurative or idiomatic meaning
18.7
今天我做了这么多事，真把我累坏了。
今天我做了這麽多事，真把我累壞了。
Jīntiān wǒ zuò le zhème duō shì, zhēn bǎ wǒ lèihuài le.
I did so much work today that it has made me terribly tired.
他今天考试得了100分，把他乐坏了。
他今天考試得了100分，把他樂壞了。
Tā jīntiān kǎoshì dé le 100 fēn, bǎ tā lèhuài le.
He got 100 percent on his test today; it made him so happy.- 扁 biǎn ‘flat’
压扁/壓扁 yābiǎn ‘flattened’
挤扁/擠扁 jǐbiǎn ‘squeezed flat’
公共汽车上那么多人快要把我挤扁了。
公共汽車上那麽多人快要把我擠扁了。
Gōnggòng qìchē shàng nàme duō rén kuài yào bǎ wǒ jǐbiǎn le.
There were so many people on the bus that I was almost squished flat.- 疯/瘋 fēng ‘crazy, mad’
气疯/氣瘋 qìfēng ‘crazed with rage’
穷疯/窮瘋 qióngfēng ‘crazed with poverty’
想疯/想瘋 xiǎngfēng ‘at wit’s end’
这个人真穷疯了，什么东西都要。
這個人真窮瘋了，甚麽東西都要。
Zhège rén zhēn qióngfēng le, shénme dōngxi dōu yào.
This person is crazed with poverty and will take anything.In addition, the suffixes -得起 deqǐ and -不起 buqǐ are used idiomatically in the following verbs.
看得起 kàndeqǐ ‘have a good opinion of; think highly of’
看不起 kànbuqǐ ‘look down upon, despise’
对得起/對得起 duìdeqǐ ‘treat someone fairly, do not let someone down’
对不起/對不起 duìbuqǐ ‘disappoint someone, cause someone to be embarrassed or
lose face.’ (Also used as a fixed expression to express apologies for disappointing
someone or causing them to lose face.)
别人都看不起他。
Biéren dōu kànbuqǐ tā.
Everyone looks down on him.
你不用功念书，对得起你父母吗？
你不用功念書，對得起你父母嗎？
Nǐ bù yònggōng niàn shū, duìdeqǐ nǐ fùmǔ ma?
How can you face your parents if you don’t work hard at your studies?你帮他很多忙，你对得起他了。
你幫他很多忙，你對得起他了。
Nǐ bāng tā hěn duō máng, Nǐ duìdeqǐ tā le.
You’ve helped him a lot. You’ve really treated him fairly.
不要对不起你的父母。
不要對不起你的父母。
Bù yào duìbuqǐ nǐ de fùmǔ.
Don’t embarrass your parents.不要做对不起朋友的事。
不要做對不起朋友的事。
Bù yào zuò duìbuqǐ péngyou de shì.
Don’t do things that would make you not want to face your friends.