References 437Sinclair, R. C., Soldat, A. S., & Mark, M. M. (1998). Affective cues and processing strategy: Color-coded
examination forms infl uence performance. Teaching of Psychology, 25 (2), 130–132.
Singer, J. A., & Salovey, P. (1996). Motivated memory: Self-defi ning memories, goals, and affect regulation.
In L. L. Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.), Striving and feeling: Interactions among goals, affect, and self-regulation (pp.
229–250). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Sisodia, R., Sheth, J., & Wolfe, D. B. (2007). Firms of endeavor: The pursuit of purpose and profi t. Upper Saddle
River, NJ: FT Press.
Sivacek, J., & Crano, W. D. (1982). Vested interest as a moderator of attitude-behavior consistency. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 43 (2), 210–221.
Sjöberg, L. (1980). Volitional problems in carrying through a diffi cult decision. Acta Psychologica, 45 (1–3),
123–132.
Sjödin, H., & Törn, F. (2006). When communication challenges brand associations: A framework for under-
standing consumer responses to brand image incongruity. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 5 (1), 32–42.
Sjogren, D., & Timpson, W. (1979). Frameworks for comprehending discourse: A replication study. American
Educational Research Journal, 16 (4), 341–346.
Skilbeck, C., Tulips, J., & Ley, P. (1977). The effects of fear arousal, fear position, fear exposure, and sidedness
on compliance with dietary instructions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 7 (2), 221–239.
Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1987). Social judgment and social memory: The role of cue diagnostic-
ity in negativity, positivity, and extremity biases. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52 (4), 689–699.
Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1989). Negativity and extremity biases in impression formation: A review
of explanations. Psychological Bulletin, 105 (1), 131–142.
Skurnik, I., Yoon, C., Park, D. C., & Schwarz, N. (2005). How warnings about false claims become recom-
mendations. Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (4), 713–724.
Slaughter, J. E., & Greguras, G. J. (2009). Initial attraction to organizations: The infl uence of trait inferences.
International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 17 (1), 1–18.
Slaughter, J. E., Zickar, M. J., Highhouse, S., & Mohr, D. C. (2004). Personality trait inferences about organiza-
tions: Development of a measure and assessment of construct validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89 (1), 85.
Slife, B. D., Weiss, J., & Bell, T. (1985). Separability of metacognition and cognition: Problem solving in learn-
ing disabled and regular students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77 (4), 437–445.
Slobin, D. I. (1966). Grammatical transformations and sentence comprehension in childhood and adulthood.
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 5 (3), 219–277.
Slovic, P. (1972). From Shakespeare to Simon: Speculations—and some evidence—about man’s ability to process infor-
mation. ORI research monograph, 12. Eugene, OR: Oregon Research Institute.
Slovic, P. (1975). Choice between equally valued alternatives. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Percep-
tion and Performance, 1 (3), 280–287.
Slovic, P., Finucane, M., Peters, E., & MacGregor, D. G. (2002). Rational actors or rational fools: Implications of
the affect heuristic for behavioral economics. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 31 (4), 329–342.
Slovic, P., Fischhoff, B., & Lichtenstein, S. (1982). Facts versus fears: Understanding perceived risk. In D.
Kahneman, P. Slovic & A. Tversky (Eds.), Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases (pp. 463–489).
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Slovic, P., & Lichtenstein, S. (1971). Comparison of Bayesian and regression approaches to the study of infor-
mation processing in judgment. Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, 6 (6), 649–744.
Slovic, P., & MacPhillamy, D. (1974). Dimensional commensurability and cue utilization in comparative judg-
ment. Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, 11 (2), 172–194.
Smeesters, D., Warlop, L., Vanden Abeele, P., & Ratneshwar, S. (1999). Exploring the recycling dilemma: Consumer
motivation and experiences in mandatory garbage recycling programs. Research report no. 9924. Belgium: Depart-
ment of Applied Economics, Catholic University of Leuven.
Smith, C. A. (1989). Dimensions of appraisal and physiological response in emotion. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 56 (3), 339–353.
Smith, C. A., & Ellsworth, P. C. (1985). Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 48 (4), 813–838.
Smith, C. A., & Ellsworth, P. C. (1987). Patterns of appraisal and emotion related to taking an exam. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 52 (3), 475–488.
Smith, C. A., & Kirby, L. D. (2000). Consequences require antecedents: Toward a process model of emotion
elicitation. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in social cognition (pp. 83–106). New
York: Cambridge University Press.
Smith, C. A., & Kirby, L. D. (2001). Toward delivering on the promise of appraisal theory. In K. R. Scherer,
A. Schorr & T. Johnstone (Eds.), Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research (pp. 121–138). New
York: Oxford University Press.
Smith, C. A., & Lazarus, R. S. (1990). Emotion and adaptation. In L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality:
Thoery and research (pp. 609–637). New York: Guilford Press.