Public Speaking Handbook

92 CHAPTER 5 stUDY gUiDe

study guide: Review and Apply

Meet Your Objectives

5.1 Describe the five stages of listening.

Listening is a process that involves selecting, attending to, understanding,

remembering, and responding to messages.

Key Terms

Listening

Select

Attend

Understand

Remember

Respond

5.2 List and describe five barriers to effective listening.

Barriers that keep people from listening at peak efficiency include information

overload, personal concerns, outside distractions, prejudice, and differences

between speech rate and thought rate.

Key Term

Working memory theory of listening

5.3 Identify and implement strategies for becoming a better listener.

Listen to nonverbal messages with your eyes. Understand your listening style.

Listen mindfully, monitoring your emotional reactions to messages, and avoid

jumping to conclusions. Identify your listening goal and listen for major ideas.

Re-sort, restate, or repeat key messages. Be an ethical listener.

Key Terms

Listening styles

Relational-oriented listener

Task-oriented listener

Analytical listener

Critical listener

5.4 Identify and implement strategies for improving your critical listening

and critical thinking skills.

Evaluate the speaker’s use of facts, examples, opinions, and statistics as

evidence. Examine the logic and reasoning leading to the speaker’s conclusions.

As a speaker, take care to use credible arguments and evidence.

Key Terms

Critical listening

Critical thinking

Facts

Inference

Evidence

Logic

Reasoning

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