486 Index
Line graphs, 297, 298
Listening, 65–93
active, 79
analyzing and evaluating speeches and, 84–91
barriers to, overcoming, 69–72
critical, 81–84
definition of, 67
effective, 67–69
ethical, 80–81
giving audience a reason to listen and, 214
goal of, 75–77
improving, 73–81
for major ideas, 77–78
mindful, 74–75
motivating audience to listen and, 329
practicing, 78
in small groups, 441
styles of, 78–79
for topic ideas, 137–138
Listening styles, 78–79
Literal analogies, 169
Literary quotations, 174–175
Location, in audience analysis, 118
Logic, evaluating, 83–84
Logical divisions, 146–147
Logos, 349, 350
Longfellow Henry Wadsworth, 135
Louis C. K., 140
Lustig, Myron, 385
Luther, Martin, 8M
MacArthur, Douglas, 220, 389
Macks, Jon, 428
Madison, James, 52
Main ideas, 35–36
generating, 146–148
for informative speeches, 338
keeping short and simple, 333–334
listening for, 77–78
organizing, 183–191
for persuasive speeches, 363–367
previewing, 148–149, 216–217
reinforcing, 334–335
restating in conclusion, 229
Maintenance leaders, 442
Major premises, 379
Malapropisms, 430
Manuscript speaking, 257–258, 261
Maps, as presentation aids, 296
Marchionne, Sergio, 174Jefferson, Thomas, 52
Jessel, George, 15
Johnson, Lyndon B., 270
Jordan, Barbara, 239, 424
JSTOR database, 158K
Keillor, Garrison, 140
Kennedy, John F., 16, 247, 249, 270, 273, 389
Kennedy, Robert, 189
Kent, Muhtar, 221
Key points. See Main ideas
Keynote, 37, 300, 301
Keynote addresses, 424
Khalifa, Wiz, 105
Kinesthetic learners, 328
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 9, 189, 232, 248, 259–260,
273, 445–447
Kingsolver, Barbara, 58
Kipling, Rudyard, 441
KISS principle, 334
Koester, Jolene, 385
Kroc, Ray, 437L
La Guardia, Fiorello, 263
Ladders of abstraction, 238–239
Laissez-faire leaders, 443
Language. See also Words
direct, specific, 145
inclusive, 107
respectful, 243
sexist, 243–244
unbiased, 107, 243–244
Language styles
adapting to listeners, 242–244
oral vs. written, 237–238
Lavaliere microphones, 275
Lay testimony, 174
Leadership, 441–444
Leadership styles, 443–444
Learning styles, varied, appealing to, 327–328
Leave It to Beaver (TV show), 392
Lehrman, Robert, 228–229
Leno, Jay, 429
Letterman, David, 273, 274
Lewinsky, Monica, 57
Lewis, C. S., 337–338
LexisNexis Academic database, 158
Libraries, traditional, supporting material from,
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