Public Speaking Handbook

Index (^489)
Public speaking. See also Speeches; specific types of
speeches
as communication process, 5–8
definition of, 2–3
history of, 8–11
reasons to study, 3–4
seeking opportunities for, 25–26
The Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association, 58
Public-relations speeches, 419
Puns, 429
Purpose, 33–35, 139–143
general, 34, 140–141. See also Entertaining
speeches; Informative speeches;
Persuasive speeches
of group presentations, 417
informative, determining, 337–338
for interviews, 161
of introductions, 213–217
of persuasive speeches, 363
specific, 34–35, 141–143
Q
Questions
following delivery, responding to, 282–284
following group presentations, 418
hostile, neutralizing, 283–284
in introductions, 220–222
open- and closed-ended, 100, 101
opening, delivering, 221
rhetorical, 221
following speech, responding to, 282–284
Quintilian, 8, 51, 254, 373
Quotations
in introductions, 218–219
literary, 174–175
R
Race, in audience analysis, 107–108
Ransom, Harry, 175
Ray, Colter, 400–402
Reading
speeches, 257–258, 261
for topic ideas, 137–138
Reagan, Ronald, 9, 294, 414
Reasoning, 376–388
by analogy, 377–378
causal, 380–381, 382, 383
culturally diverse audiences and, 381–382
deductive, 379–380, 382, 383
ethical speech and, 56
Porter, Richard, 114
Positive motivation, 352, 358
Post hoc, ergo propter hoc (causal fallacy), 386, 405
Posture, delivery and, 267–268
PowerPoint, 37, 300, 301, 334
Practicing, 22. See also Rehearsal
listening, 78
Preceding speeches, references to, in
introductions, 223–224
Prejudice, as barrier to listening,
71–72
Preliminary bibliographies, 163
Preparation, 21–22
Preparation outlines, 198–205
developing, 199–202
standard outline form for,
200–201, 206
Preparing, for interviews, 161
Presentation aids, 40–41, 289–314
audiovisual, 301–304
computer-generated, 300–301, 302
dangerous or illegal, 307
definition of, 290–291
developing, guidelines for, 305–307
for group presentations, 418
identifying, 163–164
selecting, 306–307
three-dimensional, 293–295
two-dimensional, 295–300
use of, guidelines for, 307–312
value of, 291–293
Previews, 194–195, 216–217
Prezi, 37, 300, 301
Pride, appeals to, 392
Primacy, organizing by, 184, 192
Primary sources, 171
Problem solving, in small groups and teams,
436–440
Problem-solution organization, 189–190,
399–403, 408
Procedures, speeches about, 319–320, 323
Processes, complex, clarifying, 326–329
Procrastination, 21
Proenza, Luis, 221
Pronunciation, 271–272
Proof, 376
Propositions
of fact, 364–365
of policy, 364, 366–367
of value, 364, 365–366
Psychological audience analysis, 115–117
Psychological noise, 6
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