944 Index
dust detectors
impact detectors, 628
penetration detectors, 628
PolyVinylidine Fluoride film, 628
in situ dust detectors, 627
dust trails, of comets, 689
dynamical properties, satellites, 366–369
dynamical resonances, 289
E-class asteroids, 361, 363
E-ring, Saturn, 371, 376
Eagle Nebulae, 30
Earth
aurora, 534
bulk composition, 32
characteristics, overview, 169–171
day length, 170–171
dipole tilt, 528
dust belt, 622
early, prebiotic organic sources,
857
Earth-Moon distance, 228
energetic particle populations, 532
equator, dipole field, 219
fluid flood basalts, 129
geographic timeline, 194
geological evolution of, 315
greenhouse effect, 862
historical studies
19th century, 62
20th century, pre-space age, 67
Ice Age, recovery, 194
IDPs, 33
inactive Moon of, 315
ionosphere, 214
iron content, 246–247
life on, history of, 853–856
magnetic field, 214, 318
magnetosphere, 214, 520, 528, 532
map, physiographic, 191
Mars comparisons, 317
meteorites
impact on, 255–257
from parent body to Earth, 254–255
non-spinning, Aristotle, 55
nonaural emissions, 640–641
orbit, dust ring, 687, 688
physiographic provinces, 189–195
radiation
auroral kilometric, 710
nonthermal, 710–711
as Rosetta Stone, 212
space debris, 622
tectonism, large scale, 831
volcanic features, 829–831
volcanos, 194
weather
fronts, 175
patterns, 169, 182
troposphere, storms, 172
unpredictability, 170, 178
X-ray emissions, 637
auroral, 638–640
nonauroral, 640–641, 648
short-lived,γray bursts, 640–641
Earth, atmosphere, 169–187
circulation
global-scale, observed, 175–176
Hadley cell, direct thermal
overturning, 174–175
insights from other atmospheres,
176–178
processes, 174
rotation influences, 174
vertical structure, 171–173
exosphere/ionosphere, 173
mesosphere, 173
stratosphere, 172–173
troposphere, 172
Earth, atmosphere-ocean system
El Niño, 181
influence on weather, 181
interactions, 181
interplanetary evidence for life,
185–187
oxygen and methane, 187
radio emissions, 186
surface features, 186–187
Earth, climate, 182–185
basic processes
feedbacks, 182–183
greenhouse effect, 182, 862,
867
ice ages, 183–185
recent times, 183
volatile inventories, 185
Earth, oceans, 178–184
circulation, 179–180
oceanic plates, 190
salinity, 180–181
structure, 179
Earth, surface and interior
basic divisions, 189–192
geomorphic features, 195
landform types
subaerial, 193–195
submarine, 192–193
plate tectonics
continental plates, 191
oceanic plates, 190
processes, 195–200
constructive, landscape, 196–197
destructive, geomorphic, 197–200
radial structure, 205–209
crust, 206
inner core, 208–209
lower mantle, 207–208
outer core, 208transition zone, 207
upper mantle, 206–207
seismic sources, 203–205
seismology divisions
Earth’s structure, 203
seismic sources, 203
terrestrial v. planetary landscapes, 195
in three dimensions, 209–211
tools for study, 200–203
global seismic tomography, 209
three-component seismograph
system, 201
waves, body/surface, 201
eccentricity, 591
echo power dispersion, delay/Doppler,
745–746
echo-time delay measurement, 741–742
echoes
Callisto, 736
detectability, of, 738
Europa, 736
Ganymede, 736
1566 Icarus near-Earth asteroid, 736
Mars, 749
Mercury, 749
Mercury, Goldstone/Greenbank
telescopes, 746
Moon, 749
Venus, 749
eclipses
Moon, 228
solar, 229
ecliptic comets, Jupiter-family, 581–582,
598–599
Edgeworth, Kenneth, 590
Edlén, Bengt, 66, 84
1862 Apollo asteroid, 283
EIT telescope, 84
ejecta, of comets, composition, 560
EL3 chondrites, Antarctica, 276
El Niño, 181
elastic scattering, of neutrons, 767, 770
ELH3-4 chondrites, Antarctica, 276
Elysium bulge, Mars, 320
Emakong Patera volcano, Io, 424
Enceladus satellite, Saturn, 369, 375–378
astrobiological potential, 865
search for life, 866–867
solid surfaces, observations, 675–677
Encke, Johann, 63, 64
Encke’s comet, 560–561, 689, 736
Endurance crater. Mars, 329
energetic particles
destination, 533
of Earth/Jupiter/Saturn, 532
equipment,Cassini-Huygensmission,
536
keV-MeV energies, 531
enstatite chondrites, 276