Index 953
plains, 117, 118
intercrater, 125, 127, 128
smooth, 128–129
polar deposits, 120, 121
poles
cold-trapped sulfur, 120
ice deposits, 753
warm/hot, 119
radar-bright anomalies, 128
radar portraits (Goldstone-VLA),
753
regolith, 118, 120
rotation, 119, 746
scarps, 117, 118, 131, 132
solar wind, Mercury,
hydrogen/helium, 119
solid surfaces, observations, 679–680
spin rate measurement, RSD, 746
surface
composition, 129–131
hilly/lineated terrain, 123, 127
intercrater plains, 127, 128
minerals, 129–131, 133
thrust faults, 123
tectonic framework, 122
thermal emission, 698–699
thermal history, 131–133
volcanic features, 834–835
Meridiani Planum, Mars, 329, 336,
337–338, 340
meridional circulation, giant planets,
391
meridional tilts, solar wind, CIRs, 106
mesosphere
Earth, 173
Venus, 139
MESSENGERmission, Mercury, 117,
131, 135, 137–138, 225, 660
Messier, Charles, 64
metabolic pathways, of life, 852
Meteor Crater, Arizona, 268
meteor showers
Geminid, 289
NEO association, 289
19th century studies, 64–65
meteorite-asteroid connection
sampling bias, 269–270
spectral reflectance, 269
meteorites
Allende, 259
Antarctica, 252, 253, 256, 270, 277
asteroid derived, 253, 269–270
Borodino stone, 255
Canyon Diablo iron, 255
characteristics, specific classes,
260–262
achondrites, 262
chondrites, 260–262
hexahedrites, 260
chemical and isotopic constituents
noble gas components and mineral
sites, 273–275
noble gases, 271–273
non-noble gas elements, 275–277
chronometry
CRE ages, 278–279
extinct radioactives, 281–282
gas retention age, 279–280
solidification age, 280–281
terrestrial ages, 277–278
classification
breccias, 266
carbonaceous chondrites, 266–267
chemical-petrologic, 266
chondrites, 263
general, 257–260
iron, 257, 260
oxygen isotopes and interpretation,
262–263
petrographic properties, 263–266
shock, 267–268
Clementinespacecraft, 247
composition
polymineralic, 253–254
regolithic material, 255
deserts, 252
entry velocities, 252
falls, 230, 255
fusion crust, 253
geochemistry, 33–34
HED, 262
historical background, 227–233
impact on Earth, 231–233
interstellar grains, 273, 274–275
iron, 257, 260, 267, 269
from larger bodies, 270–271
lunar, 247, 270–271
Mars
ALH84001, 304, 316, 318
basaltic, 266
crystallization ages, 321
shergottites, 271
Mbale (Uganda) L6 shower, 256
Moon, 247
Nakhala (Egypt) shower, 256
nebula to, 254
NEO relationship, 287
orbit determination, 287
outside of Antarctica, 252
oxygen isotopes, 863
parent bodies, 360
from parent body to Earth, 230–231
Peekskill, 255
“Poor Man’s Space Probe,” 251
primitive, 30
regolith, 255, 270
Sanderson IIIB medium octahedrite,
259Shergottite-Nakhlite-Chassignite, 34
shergottites, shocked, 268, 280, 281
Sioux County eucrite, 259
solar system origins, 33–38
Springwater pallasite, 259
stones/stony-irons, 257
solar system dust, 621
Whitman meteorites, 259
meteoroids, 254
beta-, 632, 686
interplanetary, 627
lunar, 267
meteorology, dynamical, 388–394
methane
atmosphere
giant planets, 386, 387
Mars, 306
Triton, 485
methane-aided greenhouse effect,
310–311
Metis satellite, Jupiter, 374, 375
MHD.Seemagneto-hydrodynamics
microcraters, Moon, 627
Micrographia(Hooke), 57
microlensing
and detection of extrasolar planets,
890–891
first observed event, 900
and OGLE, 898
surveys, microlensing planet discovery,
898–899
Microlensing Observations in
Astrophysics (MOA), 898
microorganisms, and water, 852
Microscopic Imager (MI), 332
Midcourse Space Experiment(MS), 684
Mie scattering, 661
Milankovitch cycles, Mars, climate, 308,
311–312
Milky Way
place in galaxy, 23–27
Sun’s location, 71
Mimas satellite, Saturn, 371, 375–378
minerals/mineralogy
iron meteorites, 268
Main Asteroid Belt, 295
Mars, landing sites, 342–345
Mercury, 129–131, 133
meteorites, 253–254
iron, 268
Moon, 247
NEOs, 294–295
Miniature Thermal Emission
Spectrometer (Mini-TES), 332
minimum-mass solar nebula (MMSN),
32
Miranda satellite, Uranus, 379–381
MOLA.SeeMars Orbiter Laser
Altimeter