958 Index
Pyrolytic Release (PR) experiment,
Mars, 859
Q-class asteroids, 269
Queen Maud Land meteorites,
Antarctica, 270
Quinn, Thomas, 605
R-class asteroids, 361, 363
Ra Patera volcano, Io, 424
Rabe, Eugene, 67
radar mapping
Magellan, Venus mission, 139, 877
spherical targets, 751–753
radar speck displacement (RSD), 746
Radebaugh, J., 425
radial velocity planets, 894
radial velocity technique
characteristics measured by, 895–897
and detection of extrasolar planets,
888–890
and Doppler effect, 888
Sun measurement, 889
radiation
auroral kilometric, 710
EUV,Hubble Space Telescope, 223
hazards, to space flight, 224
infrared, from extrasolar planets,
899
nonthermal, 707–717
Earth, 710–711
low-frequency emissions, 709–710
Planck’s law, 697
Rayleigh-Jeans law, 697
solar, 214, 216
synchrotron, 710
thermal/blackbody, 697
ultraviolet, 306
radio emissions
Jupiter, 713–715
decametric/hectometric, 713
kilometric, 713–714
Neptune, 716–717
planetary atmospheric, 698
planetary (sub)surface, 697
Saturn, 715–716
Uranus, 716–717
radio telescope(s)
Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland
Association array, 696
Cambridge Low-Frequency Synthesis
Telescope, 696
components, 695
resolution, 695, 697
Very Large Array, New Mexico, 696
radioactive capture, of neutrons, 767
radiometry
infrared flux,Pioneer Venusprobes,
144
measurements, Venus atmosphere,
141
satellite observations, 372
radionuclides, 40
radius
Triton, 485
Venus, 151
Raman scattering, 661
Ramsey, William, 67, 68
Rangermissions, to Moon, 878
rare earth elements (REE)
meteorites, 257, 271, 274, 275
Moon, 244
Ravi Vallis channel, Mars, 308
Rayleigh-Jeans law, radiation, 697
Rayleigh scattering, 661
reflectance spectroscopy, asteroid study,
359
reflex motion, of Sun, 888
regolith
Ganymede/Callisto, 458–459
gardening, 233
Mars, 302
Mercury, 118, 120
meteorites, 255, 270
Moon, 229, 232–233
relativity, theory of, 890
reservoirs, comets, Oort cloud, 49
resonance
examples
Hill sphere, 792–793
horseshoe orbits, 792
Lagrangian points, 791–792
ring particles, 793
shepherding, 793–794
tadpole orbits, 792
Laplace
Galilean satellites, 433
Io, 420
orbital
Asteroid Belt, 47
Europa satellite, 433
and perturbed Keplerian motion, 791
Reuvan Ramaty High Energy Solar
Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI),
641
De Revolutionibus Orbium Caelestium
(Copernicus), 55
Rhea satellite, Saturn, 375–378
Rhessi exploration mission,
Sun/heliosphere, 875
rhyolitic magmas, 844
ridges, troughs, bands, Europa
cycloidal ridges, 436–437
double and complex ridges, 436
folds, 438
individual troughs, 435–436
pull-apart bands, 437–438
triple bands, 437ring current, of Earth, 532
rings, planetary
Galilean satellites, 817
giant planets, ring-moon system, 506
Hubble Space Telescope observations,
504
information sources
Earth-based observations, 504–506
planetary spacecraft, 503–504
major components, 505
numerical studies, 506
origins, 516–517
processes, 510–516
ring plane crossings, 505–506
Saturn
IUEobservations, 680
Keck 10-m image, 728
structure, 510
solid surfaces, observations, 680
stellar occultations, 505
structure, 507–510
Jupiter, 19, 508
Neptune, 508–509
Saturn, 19, 510
Uranus, 19, 508–509
structure, external causes, 514–516
gravitational forces, 515
mass fluxes, 516
radiation/electromagnetic forces,
515
Uranus, discovery, 18
roche limit, Earth-Moon, 228
Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT), 332
rocks
Ganymede/Callisto, 452, 453, 455, 459
instruments used for landing site
measurements, 332
Mars, landing sites
igneous, 345–346
mineralogy/geochemistry, 342–345
outcrop, 340
Romer, Olaus, 420
ROSATEarth-orbiting X-ray telescope,
641
All-Sky Survey Map, 656
Jupiter X-ray emissions, 647
Rosettamission
ALICE ultraviolet instrument,
660–661
Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet, 52,
560, 574, 884–885
rotation
asteroids, 352–353
comets, 293
comets, nuclei, 562–563
Earth, 174–175
Ganymede/Callisto, 452
Halley’s comet, 563
Mars, 317, 320