A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

Index A-75

Nationality Law (Austria-Hungary; 1868),

680

nationalized industries, 1010

National Liberal Party (Germany), 668, 673

National Liberation Front (FLN) (Algeria),

1166, 1168-70

National Reform Union (Great Britain), 695

National Socialist German Workers’ Party

(Nazi Party; Germany), 1000, 1003,

1005, 1013-14, 1013, 1020-29

see also Germany, Nazi

National Socialist League (Netherlands), 1020

National Socialist (Nazi) Party:

of Austria, 1017, 1032, 1052

of Denmark, 1075

National Society (Great Britain), 546

National Union (Germany), 662

National Workshops (France), 618, 619, 626

Nations, Battle of the, or Battle of Leipzig

(1813), 507

Native Americans, 400

see also American Indians

NATO, see North Atlantic Treaty Organization

naturalism, 67, 68-69

Naval and Military Tournament (1880), 858

Naval League (Germany), 672, 872

Navarino, Battle of (1827), 591

Navarre, 87

navies, eighteenth-century, 403-4

Navigation Acts (England; 1651-1673), 226,

372

Nazi Party, see Germany, Nazi; National So­

cialist German Workers’ Party; Na­

tional Socialist (Nazi) Party

Necheyev, Sergei, 715

Necker, Jacques, 438-40, 441, 445, 446, 511

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 1161

Nelson, Horatio, 482, 488

Nemours, Treaty of (1585), 135

neo-classicism, 123

Neo-Platonists, 66, 68

Netherlands, 262

agriculture in, 167, 234, 362, 363, 1125

American Revolution and, 418

arts in, 82-83,237-39, 241

Belgian independence from, 598-600

British wars with, 424

Catholics in, 236

censorship in, 335-36

cities of, 1142

colonization by, see Dutch Empire

and Congress of Vienna, 575

decline of, 239-41

dikes in, 237, 237

early economic conditions in, 233-35

1848 unrest in, 613

eighteenth-century political reform efforts

in, 424

in eighteenth-century rivalries, 386, 387

English alliance with, 240, 279

English wars with, 223, 224, 226, 240

Enlightenment in, 312

in European organizations, 1115, 1123,

1226, 1227

financial institutions of, 233, 249, 373

French Revolution and, 458, 463, 469,

472, 476, 477

in French wars of religion, 129

golden age of, 231-39

government in, 163, 208, 232—33, 241, 245

Huguenots in, 259

Industrial Revolution in, 524, 524

inter-war politics in, 993, 1019-20

Jews in, 235, 236

literacy in, 328, 329

literature of, 241

Louis XIV’s invasion of, 240

manufacturing in, 375

middle classes in, 209, 535

military of, 240, 248, 248, 402

Napoleonic Wars and, 495, 497, 502, 507,

511

nationalism in, 1224

nobles of, 198, 350, 375

Old Regime French wars with, 229, 240,

279, 280

overseas trade of, 73, 167, 169, 209, 226,

233, 234-35, 234, 373, 387, 388-89,

418

painting in, 237-39, 241

population growth in, 234, 364, 364, 516,

1124

post-World War II economic conditions in,

1120, 1120, 1122

poverty in, 236

printing in, 34

Reformation in, 81, 111, 122

religion in, 235-37, 241

religious freedom in, 235-37, 241

representative government of, 163, 208,

245, 433

science in, 307

Spanish control of, 173, 176, 178, 231, 232

stadholder’s role in, 232-33

Swedish alliance with, 240

taxes in, 198, 202

textile manufacturing in, 73, 202, 240

in Thirty Years’War, 144, 151, 152, 157

towns in, 25

trade and commerce in, 22, 23, 24, 73,

190, 233, 234-35, 234, 236, 240-41,

372,502