Chronology • 4591951 Mosaddiq nationalizes Anglo-Iranian Oil Company; Egypt
renounces its 1936 treaty with Britain; Abdallah is murdered
1952 Egyptian mobs burn Cairo; military coup, led by Nasir, ousts
Faruq and institutes land reform in Egypt1952-1999 Reign of King Husayn in Jordan
1953 Shah's partisans, aided by US, overthrow Mosaddiq
1954 Foreign consortium set up to manage Iran's oil; Anglo-Egyptian
agreement calls for British evacuation of Suez Canal by 19561954-1970 Presidency of Gamal Abd al-Nasir in Egypt
1955 Baghdad Pact formed; Israel raids Gaza; Egypt buys Soviet
arms; US offers Egypt loan to build Aswan High Dam
1956 US retracts Aswan offer; Nasir nationalizes Suez Canal
Company; British, French, and Israelis attack Egypt, but UN
demands they quit Suez and Sinai; UN Emergency Force
dispatched
1957 US issues Eisenhower Doctrine; Husayn overthrows Arab
nationalist government in Jordan
1958 Egypt and Syria form United Arab Republic; military coup
ousts Iraq's monarchy; US intervenes in Lebanese civil war
1960 Military coup in Turkey; Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries formed in Baghdad to halt falling oil prices
1961 Kuwait made independent; new republican constitution enacted
in Turkey; Syria withdraws from United Arab Republic
1962 Yemeni army coup deposes imam, leading to civil war and
Egyptian military intervention
1963 Shah proclaims White Revolution in Iran
1964 Jordan River waters dispute between Arabs and Israel; Palestine
Liberation Organization formed in Cairo1964-1975 Reign of King Faysal in Saudi Arabia
1965-1966 Syrian-backed Palestinians raid Israel, which attacks Jordan
1967 USSR falsely reports Israeli buildup near Syria; Nasir demands
that UN withdraw its force from the Sinai and blockades Aqaba
Gulf to Israeli ships; Israel attacks and defeats Arab states in
lightning war, taking the Sinai, Jordan's West Bank, and Syria's
Golan Heights; UN calls for peace settlement, mutual
recognition, and Israel's withdrawal from occupied lands; British
troops quit Aden and South Arabia; Egyptian troops quit Yemen