16.1. Solubility http://www.ck12.org
16.1 Solubility
Lesson Objectives
- List examples of solutions made from different solute-solvent combinations.
- List and explain three factors that affect the rate of dissolving of a solid solute in a liquid solvent.
- Explain solution equilibrium and distinguish between saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions.
- Explain the effects of temperature on the solubility of solids and gases. Use a solubility curve to determine
the solubilities of substances at various temperatures. - Use Henry’s law and explain the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases.
Lesson Vocabulary
- Henry’s law
- recrystallization
- saturated solution
- solubility
- solution equilibrium
- supersaturated solution
- unsaturated solution
Check Your Understanding
Recalling Prior Knowledge
- What is a solvent and what is a solute?
- How does a liquid solvent dissolve a solid solute?
Solutions are of great importance in chemical reactions. In this lesson, you will learn about the factors that affect
the solubility of substances and the rate of dissolving.
Solution Components
The focus in the chapterWaterwas on water and its role in the formation of aqueous solutions. We examined
the primary characteristics of a solution, how water is able to dissolve solid solutes, and we differentiated between
a solution, a suspension, and a colloid. There are many examples of solutions that do not involve water at all, or
solutions that involve solutes that are not solids. The table below (Table16.1) summarizes the possible combinations
of solute-solvent states, along with examples of each.