27.1. A http://www.ck12.org
27.1 A
absolute zero
The temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases.
accepted value
The true or correct value of a measurement based on general agreement with a reliable reference.
accuracy
Measure of how close a measurement is to the correct or accepted value of the quantity being measured.
acid
A molecular compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions when dissolved
in water.
acid ionization constant
The equilibrium constant for the ionization of an acid.
acidic solution
A solution in which the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions.
actinide
A series of 14 elements from thorium (atomic number 90) to lawrencium (atomic number 103).
activated complex
An unstable arrangement of atoms that exists momentarily at the peak of the activation energy barrier.
activation energy
The minimum energy that colliding particles must have in order to undergo a reaction.
active site
The place on an enzyme where the substrate binds.
activity series
A list of elements in decreasing order of their reactivity.
actual yield
The amount of product that is formed when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory.
addition polymer
A polymer formed by chain addition reactions between monomers that contain a double bond.
addition reaction
A reaction in which an atom or molecule is added to an unsaturated molecule, making a single product.
alcohol
An organic compound that contains one or more hydroxyl (−OH) groups.
aldehyde
An organic compound in which a carbonyl group (C=O) is attached to a carbon atom at the end of a carbon
chain.
aliphatic hydrocarbon
A hydrocarbon that does not contain the benzene group or benzene ring.
alkane
A hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds.
alkene
A hydrocarbon with one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds.
alkyl group
A hydrocarbon substituent.
alkyl halide
An organic compound in which one or more halogen atoms are substituted for one or more hydrogen atoms
in a hydrocarbon.