http://www.ck12.orgPV=NkT=nRT
Fbuoy=−(ρwaterVdis placed)g
Qin=W+ 4 U+Qout
W=P 4 Vk=1
2
ρv^2 ;u=ρgh
η=W/Qin;ηCarnot= 1 −(Tlow/Thigh)k= 1. 381 × 10 −^23 J/K
ρair= 1 .29 kg/m^3
R= 8 .315 J/mol-K
ρwater=1000 kg/m^3
PAT MOSPH= 101 ,000 N/M^2
Navo= 6. 022 × 1023 mol−^1Properties of Fundamental Particles
mproton= 1. 6726 × 10 −^27 kg
qelectron=−qproton=− 1. 602 × 10 −^19 C
rhydrogen atom≈ 0. 529 × 10 −^10 mmelectron= 9. 109 × 10 −^31 kg
1 amu= 1. 6605 × 10 −^27 kg= 931 .5 Mev/c^2
4 E= 4 mc^2mneutron= 1. 6749 × 10 −^27 kgRadioactivity, Nuclear Physics, and Quantum Mechanics
( 4 x)( 4 p)≈h/ 4 π
λ=h/pN=N0(
1
2
)
t/tH1 ev→1240 nm
(energy of a photon)