Charity Organization Society. He became editor
in chief in 1912, and his brother Arthur joined
the staff as managing editor. The magazine
thrived for 40 years and was regarded as one of
the nation’s most influential social work and so-
cial reform publications.
Kellogg founded Survey Graphicin 1923. This
monthly journal focused on pressing social, labor,
and race issues. It was especially powerful for its at-
tention to volatile events and issues such as police
brutality. In the winter of 1924 Kellogg invited
HOWARDUNIVERSITYprofessor ALAINLOCKEto
edit a special Survey Graphicissue that would focus
on the Harlem Renaissance. The “Harlem” issue
appeared in March 1925. Contributors included
Locke, RUDOLPH FISHER,ANGELINA GRIMKÉ,
JAMESWELDONJOHNSON,MELVILLEHERSKOVITS,
KELLYMILLER,ARTHURSCHOMBURG, and ANNE
SPENCER. Locke later produced THENEWNEGRO,
an anthology that was an expanded version of the
journal.
Bibliography
Chambers, Clarke A. Paul U. Kellogg and the Survey.Min-
neapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1971.
Paul U. Kellogg Papers, University of Minnesota.
Kerlin, Robert T. (fl. 1923)
Editor of NEGROPOETS ANDTHEIRPOEMS,an an-
thology published in 1923 by the Associated Pub-
lishers of WASHINGTON, D.C. One of the most
comprehensive and inclusive anthologies of its day,
the volume included works by CARRIECLIFFORD,
ALICEDUNBAR-NELSON, and ANNESPENCER.
Kerlin also was one of several highly respected
individuals invited to address the elite group of
ministers who gathered weekly at the Baptist Edu-
cation Center in NEWYORKCITY.
Knopf, Alfred Abraham (1892–1984)
The founder of one of America’s most influential
publishing houses, Alfred A. Knopf established an
impressive and accomplished press that shaped lit-
erary trends and scholarship in and beyond the
United States.
He was born in NEWYORKCITYto Samuel
and Ida Japhe Knopf. His father remarried follow-
ing Ida’s death in 1896 and had two children with
his second wife. Knopf was educated at the DE-
WITTCLINTONHIGHSCHOOLin New York City
and at the Mackenzie School in Dobbs Ferry. He
attended COLUMBIAUNIVERSITY, where he studied
with faculty who developed productive ties to the
Harlem Renaissance. His professors included JOEL
SPINGARN, after whom the NATIONALASSOCIA-
TION FOR THEADVANCEMENT OFCOLOREDPEO-
PLE named their most distinguished prize, and
CARLVANDOREN, also a Columbia alumnus, lit-
erary critic, and the literary editor of THENATION
from 1919 through 1922.
Knopf established ALFREDA. KNOPF,INC.in- After two years as a clerk at Doubleday, Page
and Company and a one-year appointment with
the publisher Mitchell Kennerly, he embarked on
an ambitious business venture with Blanche Wolf,
whom he married in April 1916. As scholars have
noted, the Knopfs became the first husband-and-
wife team to succeed in book publishing. Their
only child, Alfred A. Knopf, Jr., was born in 1918.
He established Atheneum Publishers, his own firm,
in 1959. Blanche Knopf passed away in 1966. One
year later, Knopf married Helen Hedrick.
In 1923 Knopf collaborated with H. L.
MENCKEN, a close friend, and George Jean Nathan
and founded AMERICANMERCURY,a well-received
monthly journal of American social and political
events. He served as publisher for 11 years, until
the journal succumbed to financial difficulties in
1934 brought on by the GREATDEPRESSION.
During Knopf’s tenure, the publishing house
produced more than 5,000 titles and saw an im-
pressive number of its authors go on to win presti-
gious international and national prizes. By 1984,
the year in which Knopf died, 16 Knopf authors
had won Nobel Prizes, and 27 had been awarded
PULITZERPRIZES. NELLALARSEN, whose two nov-
els were published with Knopf, was the first
African-American woman to win a GUGGENHEIM
FELLOWSHIP. Other Harlem Renaissance–era au-
thors recruited by Knopf included RUDOLPH
FISHER,LANGSTON HUGHES, and CARL VAN
VECHTEN. Knopf Publishers became a subsidiary of
Random House in 1960. Since then, the company
has become part of the Bertelsmann media empire.
Alfred Knopf died in 1984 and was buried
in Ferncliff Cemetery in Westchester County,
New York.
298 Kerlin, Robert T.