On resistance: James C. Scott,Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985); Paul Avrich,Russian Rebels, 1600– 1800
(New York: Schocken Books, 1972); Maureen Perrie,“Popular Revolts,”in Perrie, ed.,
The Cambridge History of Russia, Vol. 1 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006),
600 – 17. On punishment of peasant rebels, see myCrime and Punishment in Early
Modern Russia(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), chap. 16.
On peasants engaging in the criminal courts: N. S. Kollmann,Crime and Punishmentand
By Honor Bound: State and Society in Early Modern Russia(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
Press, 1999) and my“Russian Law in a Eurasian Setting: The Arzamas Region, Late
Seventeenth–Early Eighteenth Century,”in Gyula Szvak, ed.,The Place of Russia in
Eurasia(Budapest: Magyar Ruszisztikai Intézet, 2001), 200–6; Valerie A. Kivelson,
Cartographies of Tsardom: The Land and its Meaning in Seventeenth-Century Russia
(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006) andDesperate Magic: The Moral Economy
of Witchcraft in Seventeenth-Century Russia(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013).
Strong northern communes: Hans-Joachim Torke,Die staatsbedingte Gesellschaft im
moskauer Reich: Zar und Zemlja in der altrussische Herschaftsverfassung, 1613– 1689
(Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1974).234 The Russian Empire 1450– 1801