Index 409
presidential succession and,
242–243
as president of the Senate, 214
Vietnamese Americans, voting
behavior, 123
Vietnam War, 74, 160, 228
American involvement in, 339
generational effect and, 121
Virginia Company of London, 21
Virginia Plan, 31
Vote-eligible population, 189
Voter turnout
calculating, 189–190
for congressional elections,
188, 189
defined, 188
impact of restrictive voting laws
on, 188
low, and effect of, 188–189
for presidential elections,
188 –190
voter identification and, 188
Voting. See also Voting behavior
African Americans and,
99 –10 0
ballots for, 186
fraud in, 186–187
legal restrictions on, 190–191
by mail, 186
registration for, 99, 190
age requirements, 193
motor voter bill, 190
property requirements, 190
requirements for, current
eligibility and, 190
residency requirements, 193
time limits, 193
straight-ticket, 186
voter identification, 187–188
Voting-age population, 189
Voting behavior
demographic influences,
121–125
economic status and, 121–123
education and, 123
gender and, 125
geographic regions and, 125
by groups for presidential
elections 1996-2012, 123
issue preference, 192
party identification, 191
perception of candidate and,
192Unfunded Mandates Reform Act,
61
Unicameral legislature, 28
Unions
affirmative action, 108
membership in, declining, 146,
147
political environment today, 147
public employees, 147
right-to-work laws, 147, 148
Unitary system
defined, 46
flow of power in, 47
United Nations (UN)
Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, 307
weapons inspection in Iraq, 325
United States
benefits of federalism for, 48
democracy in, kind of, 6–8
fertility rate of, 104–105
health care spending in, 298–299
United States Constitution. See
Constitution of United States
United States Reports, 281
United States v. Curtiss-Wright
Export Corp., 235
United States v. Nixon, 237
Unit rule, 164
Universal health insurance, 300
Universal suffrage, 6
Un iver s it y. See Colleges
Urban League, 145
USA Patriot Act, 86
U.S. Treasury securities, 310V
Venezuela, as oil exporter, 305
Ventura, Jesse, 166
Versailles Treaty, 230
Veterans Affairs, Department of
functions of, 255
subagencies of, 255
Veto
line-item, 232
override of, 232
pocket, 232
president’s power of, 231–232
veto message, 231
Veto message, 231
Vice president, 241–243
death or incapacity of, 243
job of, 241–242ratification of, 229–230
recent efforts, 230
Trial
rights and, 85
right to speedy, 68, 85
Trial courts, 276
Troubled Asset Relief Program
(TARP), 257–258
Truman, Harry, 227, 228
decision to use atomic bomb
against Japan and, 228,
338
election of, without majority of
vote, 185, 226
election of 1948, 126, 128
emergency power use, 235
troops sent to Korea, 228, 333
Truman Doctrine and, 339
Truman Doctrine, 339
Trustee, 198
Tunisia, 322
dictatorial rule in, 3
Twelfth Amendment, 200, 226
Twentieth Amendment, 201
Twenty-fifth Amendment, 201,
242
Twenty-fourth Amendment, 95
Twenty-sixth Amendment, 190
Two-party system
defined, 157
endurance of, reasons for,
162 –165
historical foundations of, 162–163
state and federal laws favoring,
164 –165
Two Treatises on Government
(Locke), 26
Tyler, John, 242U
UN. See United Nations (UN)
Unanimous opinion, 281
Unemployment
defined, 308
discouraged workers, 308
during Great Recession, 309
hidden, 308
measuring, 308
rate of, and presidential
elections, 234
stimulus package and, 310
Unemployment benefits, federal
grants, 609781285436388_em_indx_383-410.indd 409 10/22/13 7:05 AM
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