Chapter 3 Sound and Image 115Glossary
Action – Passages in scripts that contain descriptions of actions, settings, and
other visual elements. Also called scene directions or body copy.
Ambient sound – Production sound recorded separately from picture and
without any talking or movement to preserve the noise that is present on
location or a set.
Amplifi er – Device used to increase the level or magnifi cation of an electrical
signal produced by a sound generally through the use of transistors or electron
tubes, thus making the audio loud enough for projected listening.
Automated Dialogue Replacement (ADR) – Also referred to as Additional Dialogue
Recording or dubbing or looping, ADR is the process of recording dialogue
in sync with the images of a motion picture during post-production.
Boom – In audio recording, a boom is a long, retractable pole (sometimes
referred to as a fi shpole) to which a microphone is attached in order to be
held near the source of sound in a scene.
Cardioid microphone – Type of unidirectional microphone whose sensitivity
to sound is useful for vocal or speech microphones.
Casting – In moviemaking, the process of selecting actors for the roles in a
fi lm. Th is is generally done through auditions or meetings with a casting
director or members of the production team.
Character – Fictional fi gures in stories, understood through the actions they
perform and words they say.
Characterization – Background elements of a character that provide contextual
elements about their history, situation, and personality.
Confl ict – Situation of opposing needs, actions, or interests between characters
or a character and a natural, manmade, or supernatural force.
Dialogue – In a screenplay, the words spoken by characters, either on-screen
or off -screen.
Digital Audio Tape (DAT) – Commonly known as DAT, this digital recording
and playback source is one of the fi rst highly used digital formats for fi lm
production sound. DAT consists of small cassettes that record and play
sound digitally.
Digital recording – Sound recording is the process of capturing the signals
produced by the emission of sound so that they can be reproduced as closely
as possible to the original source. In analog recording, the signals are captured
in a continuous wave. In digital recording, audio is reproduced by a series of
ones and zeroes that capture changes in the sound signal.
Dynamic range – Th e range of sounds from soft est to loudest that a recording
format or system can reproduce suitably.Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).