5 Steps to a 5 AP Biology, 2014-2015 Edition

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Plants

IN THIS CHAPTER

Summary:This chapter discusses the anatomy of plants, the mechanisms of

root and shoot growth, plant hormones, tropisms, and the mechanism of

water and nutrient movement from roots to shoots and back.

Key Ideas

✪Roots are the portions of the plant that are below ground; shoots are the

portions of the plant that are above ground.

✪There are three plant tissue systems to know: ground, vascular, and

dermal.

✪Two important plant vascular structures: xylem and phloem.

✪Regions of plant growth: root cap, zone of cell division, zone of

elongation, and zone of maturation.

✪Five important plant hormones: abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinins, ethylene,

and gibberellins.

✪Three important tropisms: gravitropism, phototropism, and thigmotropism.

Introduction

This chapter begins with a quick tour of the anatomy of plants, starting with the roots and

moving to the shoots. In these two sections, the mechanisms of root and shoot growth will

be examined and the important players will be identified. From there we will turn our focus

to plant hormones and tropisms. A discussion on photoperiodism follows, and the chapter

concludes with a look at the mechanism by which water and nutrients travel through plants

from roots to shoots and back.

CHAPTER

14

KEY IDEA

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