218 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
❯ Review Questions
- When horses hear an unusual noise, they turn their
ears toward the sound. This is an example of
A. a fixed-action pattern.
B. habituation.
C. associative learning.
D. imprinting.
E. kinesis. - Why do animal behaviorists have to account for
a habituation period when undertaking an obser-
vational study?
A. They have to make sure that the study ani-
mals do not imprint on them.
B. They have to wait until their presence no
longer affects the behavior of the animals.
C. The animals need a period of time to learn to
associate the observer with data collection.
D. Before insight learning can be observed, the
animals must practice.
E. The animals must remain cautious of the
observer at all times. - Which of the following is an example of an ago-
nistic behavior?
A. A subordinate chimpanzee grooms a domi-
nant chimpanzee.
B. Two lionesses share a fresh kill.
C. A female wolf regurgitates food for her nieces
and nephews.
D. A blackbird approaches and takes the feed-
ing position of another blackbird, causing it
to fly away.
E. Two fish in a stream pass each other without
changing course. - In which of the following dyads do we expect not
to see any altruistic behavior?
A. Two sisters who are allies
B. Two half-brothers
C. Two individuals migrating in opposite
directions
D. Two group members who have frequent con-
flicts and reconciliations
E. Two adolescents who are likely to eventually
transfer into the same group
5. Which of the following is not a requirement for
reciprocal altruism to occur?
A. Ability to recognize the other individual
B. Long lifespan
C. Opportunity for multiple interactions
D. Good long-term memory
E. High coefficient of relatedness
6. A female tamarin monkey licks her wrists, rubs
them together, and then rubs them against a
nearby tree. What kind of communication is this
probably an example of?
A. Chemical
B. Visual
C. Auditory
D. Territorial
E. Tactile
For questions 7–10, please use the following answers:
A. Fixed-action pattern
B. Habituation
C. Imprinting
D. Associative learning
E. Operant conditioning
7. This type of learning is the lack of responsiveness
to unimportant stimuli that do not provide
appropriate feedback.
8. Trial-and-error learning important to animals
displaying aposometric coloration.
9. Process by which animals associate one stimulus
with another.
10.Innate behavior that is learned during a critical
period in life.