5 Steps to a 5 AP Biology, 2014-2015 Edition

AP Biology Practice Exam 1 ❮ 267

19.A population undergoes a shift in which those
who are really tall and those who are really short
decrease in relative frequency compared to those
of medium size, due to a change in the availabil-
ity of resources. This is an example of
A. directional selection.
B. stabilizing selection.
C. disruptive selection.
D. sympatric speciation.

20.Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Water flows from hypertonic to hypotonic.

B. Germinating seeds use less oxygen than do

nongerminating seeds.

C. The rate of transpiration decreases with an

increase in air movement.

D. Smaller DNA fragments migrate more

rapidly than do larger DNA fragments on gel

electrophoresis.

21.Which of the following is not a form of inter-
species interaction?
A. Commensalism
B. Succession
C. Mutualism
D. Parasitism

22.Sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by the sub-
stitution of an incorrect nucleotide into the
DNA sequence for a particular gene. The amino
acids are still added to the growing protein chain,
but the symptoms of sickle cell anemia result.
This is an example of a
A. frameshift mutation.
B. missense mutation.
C. nonsense mutation.
D. thymine dimer mutation.

For questions 23–26, please refer to the following
structures:

23.This represents the backbone of a structure that

is vital to the construction of many cells and is

used to produce steroid hormones.

24. This structure plays a vital role in energy reactions.
    25.This structure is a purine found in DNA.
    26.This structure was synthesized in the ribosome.
    For questions 27–30, please refer to the following
    answers:
    A. Glycolysis
    B. Chemiosmosis
    C. Fermentation
    D. Calvin cycle
    27.When oxygen becomes unavailable, this process
    regenerates NAD+, allowing respiration to
    continue.
    28.This process leads to the net production of two
    pyruvate, two ATP, and two NADH.
    29.This process couples the production of ATP
    with the movement of electrons down the elec-
    tron transport chain by harnessing the driving
    force created by a proton gradient.
    30.This process has as its products NADP+, ADP,
    and sugar.
    For questions 31–34, please refer to the following
    answers:
    A. Desert
    B. Tundra
    C. Taiga
    D. Deciduous forests

(A) (B)

.... – C – C – C – N – C – C – N – C – C – OH

R

HO R R

O O

(C) O (D) NH 2

N

N H

O P O–

H N N

O H

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