AP Psychology

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History and Approaches

IN THIS CHAPTER

Summary:Psychologyis the scientific study of behavior and mental

processes. Behavior is anything you do that can be observed. Mental

processes are your internal experiences such as thoughts, feelings, sensations,

and perceptions. Scientific study involves systematic collection and

examination of data (empirical evidence) to support or disprove hypotheses

(predictions) rather than depending on common sense.

Psychology has a long past, but a short history as a science. Although

people have thought about their own behavior for thousands of years, the

thinking was not done in an organized and scientific manner.

This chapter looks at highlights in the development of the science of

psychology and its conceptual approaches.

Key Ideas

✪Roots of psychology are in philosophy and physiology/biology.

✪Structuralism and Functionalism—Schools of Psychology

✪Behavioral Approach

✪Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Approach

✪Humanistic Approach

✪Biological Approach

✪Evolutionary Approach

✪Cognitive Approach

✪Sociocultural Approach

✪Subfields of Psychology

CHAPTER

5

KEY IDEA

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