third sentence specifies that all but five of the group are Americans. Does this mean we need to add more tourists to the total
of seven from the second sentence? No, because if two of the “three others” from the second sentence are Americans and one
is, say, Spanish, then it would be true that 1) four tourists are Japanese, 2) three others are not, and 3) all but five of the group
are American. The least number of tourists we need, then, is seven.
D
The greatest number of pepperoni slices any one person could eat is two: There have to be at least three people eating the
pepperoni slices, so you have one person eating two slices and two people eating one apiece. The greatest number of plain
slices any one person could eat is three: There are two people eating them, and one person gets three while the other person
gets one. Now, if the person who gets the two pepperoni slices also gets three plain (nothing in the question stem forbids
this), then that person is eating a total of five slices (D).
15.
J
Let’s see how close we can get to figuring out the letter for “cable.” “Watches” and “on” appear in all four sentences, as do
the letters C and G, so “watches” and “on” are C and G, or vice versa. That leaves us with E, B, and F for “Jay,” “movies,”
and “cable” in the second sentence. We also find F in the code for the last sentence, which happens to be the only other
sentence that has “movies” in it. The second and fourth sentences have no other word besides “movies” in common (and
“watches” and “on,” whose code letters we already know) so the letter F must stand for “movies.” Now we’re down to two
letters, E and B, for the last two words in the second sentence, “Jay” and “cable,” that we don’t know. The problem is that
neither word and neither letter shows up in any other sentence, so there’s no way to know which letter stands for which word.
(K) is therefore the correct choice.
16.
D
Start by figuring out which words are shared by two phrases. “Big yellow taxi” and “big house” have only the word “big” in
common, so “joch” must mean “big.” Similarly, “taxi” is the only word that appears in “big yellow taxi” and “taxi driver,” so
“nyeer” must mean “taxi.” Two words in “nyeer cog joch” have been translated, so the remaining word “cog” must mean
“yellow.”
17.
F
The syllables you need to find are “grav,” “i,” and “tate.” Let’s go after “grav” first. “Grav” only appears in “engraving” so
we have to figure out by a process of elimination which letter (of C, D, and T) represents “grav.” When we compare
“enlighten” and “engraving,” they have only “en” and the letter T in common. T must represent “en.” When we compare
“extracting” and “engraving,” they have only “ing” and D in common, so D must represent “ing.” If T is “en” and D is “ing,”
then C must be “grav.” We cannot figure out which letter represents “i” and which represents “tate,” but we can determine
which two letters represent “itate,” which is enough to get the answer. “Levitate” and “leverage” have “lev” and G in
common. If G represents “lev,” then HP (or PH) must represent “itate.” “Gravitate,” then, is a combination of C, H, and P (F).
18.
E
If all scuba divers are experienced swimmers, then it must also be true that at least some experienced swimmers are scuba
divers (E). Just because some experienced swimmers swim every day and no businessman does, this does not mean that no
19.
