Barrons AP Psychology 7th edition

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

  1. (C) Bottom-up processing is when an object is perceived only by examining the object itself.
    Signal detection theory and perceptual set are theories about how one’s expectations and past
    experiences can impact perception. Since Olivia’s experience is limited to the concrete jungle of
    New York City where cows are unusual and she saw the cow in a place one would not have
    expected to see a cow, her perception of the cow would have relied on bottom-up processing.
    Difference threshold is the amount a stimulus needs to change in order for someone to perceive that
    it has changed. Brightness constancy is our knowledge that the relative brightness of objects stays
    the same even as the level of overhead illumination changes.

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