- (D) Experimenter bias refers to the idea that researchers’ beliefs in their own hypotheses may
cause them inadvertently to influence the results of the research so as to confirm those hypotheses.
Confirmation bias refers to a similar tendency in all people to pay more attention to information
that supports their preexisting beliefs than to information that refutes them. The availability
heuristic is the tendency to draw conclusions about the frequency of something based on how easy
it is to recall it to memory. Functional fixedness is the tendency not to recognize that a familiar
object can be used in a novel way. The representative heuristic is the tendency to reason by
similarity and, in the process, to underweight base rate probability. For instance, people might
believe that a tall, very thin, attractive woman would be more likely to be a supermodel than a
librarian. Overconfidence is people’s tendency to be excessively confident in their decisions.
marvins-underground-k-12
(Marvins-Underground-K-12)
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