83The sentence as written is a Run-on. The most common types of injuries in football are sprains, strains, and
bruises – is an independent sentence that stands on its own and since such is the case, most football players
warm up and condition before a game, is also a complete sentence that stands on its own.
(B) fixes the run-on by inserting a semi-colon. The sentence is also less wordy with the use of
“therefore” instead of “since such is the case.”
(C) by inserting a “with” after the comma we have fixed the run-on error, but created a misplaced
modifier error.
(D) we still have a run-on. Spot the visual clue (“...bruises, most...”)
(E) had there been a comma and then a conjunction, such as “so” we would be in business, but
the “and” is the wrong conjunction because it doesn’t indicate the cause and effect relationship.
Also, the semicolon takes the place of a conjunction so you wouldn’t use both. Look out for
that visual tip-off ( “...; and...” ) to spot the error.
Revised sentence:
The most common types of injuries in football
are sprains, strains, and bruises; therefore, most
football players warm up and condition before
a game.
Correct Answer: (B)
- The most common types of injuries in football
are sprains, strains, and bruises, since such is the
case, most football players warm up and condition
before a game.
(A) bruises, since such is the case, most football
players warm up and condition before a game
(B) bruises; therefore, most football players warm
up and condition before a game
(C) bruises, with most football players therefore
warming up and conditioning before a game
(D) bruises, most football players warm up and
condition before a game as a result.
(E) bruises; and most football players warm up and
condition before a game