Childrens Illustrated Encyclopedia

Gunnbjørn Fjeld

3700m

Nares (^) Strait
Wandel
Sea
Beaufort
Sea
Chukchi
Sea
Denmar
k
Strait^
Ber
in
g^ S
tra
it^
Bering
Sea
ARCTIC
OCEAN
B a f n
Bay
Labrador
Sea
Greenland
Sea Barents
Sea
Norwegian
Sea
Kara
Sea
Laptev
Sea
East
Siberian
Sea
AT
LANT
IC OCE
AN
Davis
Str
ait
Lo
mo
no
so
v^
R
id
ge
Wrangel
Canada Plain
Basin
Chukchi
Plateau
Chukchi
Plain
Limit^ of
summ
er^ p
ack^
ice^
(Ju
ne)
Limit of winte
r^ pac
k^ ice^ (^ December)^
Victoria
Island
Great
Bear
Lake
Saint Lawrence
Island
Wrangel
Island
Ostrov
Kotel'nyy
Novaya
Zemlya
Ba
fn
Is
la
nd
Ellesmere
Island
Spitsbergen
Franz
Josef
Land
New Siberian
Islands
Queen
Elizabeth
Islands
n
o
r
T
h
a
m
e
r
i
C
a
aSia
eUr
o
P
e
R U s s I a N F E D E R a T I O N
FI
N
L
a
N
D
sW^
E
D
E
N
N
O
R
W
a
Y
c
a
N
a
D
a
sVaLBaRD
(to Norway)
JaN MaYEN
(to Norway)
G r e e n l a n d(to Denmark)
al
aS
ka^
(pa
rt^ of
Us)
North Cape
Kola
Peninsula
North
Pole
North
Geomagnetic
Pole
Severnaya
Zemlya
Fr
ed
eri
k^ V
III
Ko
ng
L
an
d^
Yu
kon
Ri
ver^
Mackenzie^
Ob`
Yenisey
Lena
nome
inuvik
Pond
inlet
alert
Savissivik
Sisimiut
nUUk
reYkJavÍk
ammassalik
daneborg
khatanga
Tiksi
Prudhoe bay
barrow
dikson
longyearbyen
Provideniya
anchorage
murmansk
vorkuta
noril’sk
archangel
Pevek
35
arctic
greenland
greenland, the world’s largest
island, is a self-governing
territory of denmark. The
interior of greenland is covered
by an enormous ice sheet, which
rises to a height of 10,000 ft
(3,000 m). The coastline is
deeply indented with fjords.
norThern lighTs
The northern lights
(aurora borealis) occur
when highly charged
particles from the sun
collide with particles
in earth’s atmosphere.
These glowing streaks
of light are brightest
at the north Pole.
statistics
greenland
area:
836,330 sq miles
(2,166,086 sq km)
status: self-governing
territory of denmark
claimed: 1380
Population: 58,000
capital: nuuk
Jan Mayen
area:
146 sq miles (377 sq km)
status: norwegian
dependency
claimed: 1929
Population: 0
capital: none
svalbard
area:
23,956 sq miles
(62,045 sq km)
status: norwegian
dependency
claimed: 1920
Population: 1,900
capital: longyearbyen
gianT icebergs
icebergs are frozen lumps of freshwater ice
that have broken off a glacier. Most arctic
icebergs have broken off the coastal
glaciers of greenland, baffin island, and
ellesmere island. each year, about 375
icebergs flow into the north atlantic,
where they are extremely dangerous to
shipping. icebergs can vary from the size
of a grand piano to a 10-story building,
147 ft (45 m) high. They are moved by
winds and currents and melt and break
up within two years of entering the ocean.
Prudhoe bay
Rich reserves of oil are
found in Alaska’s Prudhoe
Bay. A 795-mile
(1,280-km) long
pipeline transports
oil from Prudhoe
Bay to the
ice-free port
of Valdez.
arcTic ocean
The Arctic Ocean is
characterized by a wide
continental shelf and
deep basin around
the North Pole.
arcTic Tern
The arctic tern (left)
breeds in the southern
arctic and winters
in the antarctic,
the longest annual
migration of any bird.
arcTic fish
large quantities of cod, haddock,
and halibut are found in the
arctic ocean. arctic catches
are mainly processed in greenland.
Halibut
Volcano Mountain Capital
city
Large
city/
town
Small
city/
town
Ancient
monument
n
S
W e
0
0 250 500
250 500
scaLE BaR
km
miles
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