Beginning Algebra, 11th Edition

76 CHAPTER 1 The Real Number System

1.1

natural (counting) numbers

whole numbers

fractions

numerator

denominator

proper fraction

improper fraction

mixed number

factor

product

prime number

composite number

prime factors

basic principle of fractions

lowest terms

greatest common factor

reciprocal

quotient

sum

least common

denominator (LCD)

difference

1.2

exponent (power)

base

exponential expression

grouping symbols

order of operations

inequality

1.3

variable

algebraic expression

equation

solution

set

element

1.4

number line

integers

signed numbers

rational numbers

set-builder notation

graph

coordinate

irrational numbers

real numbers

additive inverse (opposite)

absolute value

1.5

minuend

subtrahend

1.6

multiplicative inverse

(reciprocal)

dividend

divisor

1.7

commutative property

associative property

identity property

identity element for addition

(additive identity)

identity element for

multiplication

(multiplicative identity)

inverse property

distributive property

1.8

term

numerical coefficient

like terms

unlike terms

combining like terms

KEY TERMS

nfactors of a
brackets
is equal to
is not equal to
is less than

is greater than

<





[ ]

an is less than or equal to

is greater than or

equal to

set braces

set-builder notation

property}

{x  x has a certain

{ }

»

◊ the additive inverse,

or opposite, of x

absolute value of x

the multiplicative

inverse, or reciprocal,

of the nonzero

number x

1

x

 x 

x

orab atimes b

adivided by b

ab,

a

b

, a/b, or ba

a 1 b 2 , 1 a 2 b, 1 a 21 b 2 , a#b,

NEW SYMBOLS

1.A factoris

A.the answer in an addition

problem

B.the answer in a multiplication

problem

C.one of two or more numbers

that are added to get another

number

D.one of two or more numbers that

are multiplied to get another

number.

2.A number is primeif

A.it cannot be factored

B.it has just one factor

C.it has only itself and 1 as

factors

D.it has at least two different

factors.

3.An exponentis

A.a symbol that tells how many

numbers are being multiplied

B.a number raised to a power

C.a number that tells how many

times a factor is repeated

D.one of two or more numbers that

are multiplied.

4.A variableis

A.a symbol used to represent an

unknown number

B.a value that makes an equation

true

C.a solution of an equation

D.the answer in a division problem.

TEST YOUR WORD POWER

See how well you have learned the vocabulary in this chapter.

(continued)

SUMMARY

CHAPTER 1

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