Nature - USA (2020-10-15)

a b

24 h OP50

24 h PA 14

24 h OP50

24 h PA 14

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Choice Inde

x

DNAtraining

**** n.s.

Bacteria

lawn

DNA -0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Large RNA training

Choice Index

**** n.s.

Bacteria

lawn

Large

−0.50OP50 platePA14 plate -PAOP50 DN14 DNAA - RNA

−0.25

0.00

0.25

0.50

0.75

Mean di

fferenc

e

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Mean di

fference

c PA 14

total

Ladder RNA

PA 14

large

RNA

PA14

small

RNA

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

ASI mean intensity (a.u.)

daf-7p::GFP

** ***

n.s.

24 h OP50 small RNA

24 h PA14 small RNA

24 h lasR small RNA

Bacterial

lawn

Small

RNA

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

daf-7p::GFP

ASI mean intensity (a.u.)

**

n.s.

24 h OP50

24 h PA14

e

L3 L4

0

20

40

60

80

100

% of population 48h post bleachdevelopmental stage

F1 progeny development (20C)

n.s.

n.s.

24 h OP50 small RNA

24 h PA14 small RNA

f

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

pmk-1(km25)

Choice Index

**** ****

N2 pmk-1(km25)

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Mean di

fferenc

e

PAOP50 platN214 plate pmk-1e-

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Choice Inde

x

Small RNA training

n.s.

**** ****

24 h OP50 small RNA24 h PA14 small RNA

24 h lasR small RNA

d

24 h OP50 bacteria lawn

24 h PA14 bacteria lawn

small RNAs

metabolites

innate immunity

Control

non-pathogenic

food

daf-7p::GFP in ASI

daf-7p::GFP in ASJ

daf-7 independent

(pyochelin/PCN)

pmk-1(pmk-1 independent dependent,/irg-1)

food inactive pathway

Wild-type worms on OP50

PA14

attraction

Pseudomonas

exposure active pathway

Wild-type worms on PA14 PA14

avoidance

small RNAs

metabolites

innate immunity

daf-7p::GFP in ASI

daf-7p::GFP in ASJ

daf-7 independent

(pyochelin/PCN)

(pmk-1 dependent,

pmk-1 independent/irg-1)

inactive pathway

inactive pathway

Wild-type worms on OP50 sRNA

PA14

inactive pathway attraction

OP50 isolated small

RNAs on OP50 food

PA14 isolated small

RNAs on OP50 food active pathway

inactive pathway

Wild-type worms on PA14 sRNA

PA14

avoidance

k

j

l

g

active pathway

small RNAs

metabolites

innate immunity

daf-7p::GFP in ASI

daf-7p::GFP in ASJ

daf-7 independent

(pyochelin/PCN)

pmk-1(pmk-1 independent/ dependent,irg-1)

small RNAs

metabolites

innate immunity

daf-7p::GFP in ASI

daf-7p::GFP in ASJ

daf-7 independent

(pyochelin/PCN)

pmk-1(pmk-1 independent/ dependent,irg-1)

PA14

pr eferen

ce

OP5

0

pr efe

renc

e

PA14 RNA >200nt -

OP50 RNA >200nt

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Choice Index

**** ****

N2 pmk-1(km25)

n.s.

pmk-1(km25)

24 h OP50 small RNA

24 h PA14 small RNA

h irg-1p::GFP

24 h OP50

24 h PA 14

g pp

bacterial lawn 100 M

bacterial lawn

small RNA

small RNA

OP50

PA

14

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

Mean Intensity (A.U.)

Bacteria lawnsmall RNA

****

n.s.

n.s.

****

n.s.

irg-1p::GFP

i

m

PA14 plate-

OP50 plate

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Mean dif

ference

PAOP50 sRNAN214 sRNApmk-1-

Extended Data Fig. 1 | See next page for caption.