http://www.alsenosy.com | http://www.professionalengineers.usperformanceonaproject.Itisequaltotheearnedvalue(EV)minustheactualcost(AC).Thecost
varianceattheendoftheprojectwillbethedifferencebetweenthebudgetatcompletion(BAC)and
theactualamountspent.TheCVisparticularlycriticalbecauseitindicatestherelationshipof physical
performancetothecostsspent.NegativeCVisoftendifficultfortheprojecttorecover. EquationCV
=EV–AC
TheSVandCVvaluescanbeconvertedtoefficiencyindicatorstoreflectthecostandschedule
performanceofanyprojectforcomparisonagainstallotherprojectsorwithinaportfolioofprojects.
Thevariancesareusefulfordeterminingprojectstatus.
...
Costperformanceindex.Thecostperformanceindex(CPI)is ameasureofthecostefficiencyof
budgetedresources,expressedasaratioofearnedvaluetoactualcost.Itisconsideredthemost
criticalEVMmetricandmeasuresthecostefficiencyfortheworkcompleted.ACPIvalueoflessthan
- 0 indicatesacostoverrunfor workcompleted.A CPIvalue greater than 1. 0 indicatesacost
underrunofperformancetodate.TheCPIisequaltotheratiooftheEVtotheAC.Theindicesare
usefulfordeterminingprojectstatusandprovidingabasisforestimatingprojectcostandschedule
outcome.Equation:CPI=EV/AC
Thethreeparametersofplannedvalue,earnedvalue,andactualcostcanbemonitoredand reported
onbothaperiod-by-periodbasis(typicallyweeklyormonthly)andonacumulativebasis. Figure 7 –
12 usesS-curvestodisplayEVdataforaprojectthatisperformingoverbudgetandbehindschedule.
120.Answer:C.
PMBOK® Guide, page 261 , Section 7. 4. 2. 2
DataAnalysis
Earned valueanalysis (EVA),sometimes calledearned value management (EVM),compares the
performancemeasurementbaselinetotheactualscheduleandcostperformance.EVMintegrates
the scope baseline with the cost baseline and schedule baseline to form the performance
measurementbaseline.EVMdevelopsandmonitorsthreekeydimensionsforeachworkpackage and
controlaccount.
121.Answer:D.
PMBOK® Guide, pages 260 – 265 , Section 7. 4. 2. 2 ; and Figure 7 – 12
Earned Value Management
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Variances from the approved baseline will also be
Monitored:
Schedulevariance.Schedulevariance(SV)isameasureofscheduleperformanceexpressedasthe
differencebetweentheearnedvalueandtheplannedvalue.Itistheamountbywhichtheprojectis
aheadorbehindtheplanneddeliverydate,atagivenpointintime.Itisameasureofschedule
performanceonaproject.Itisequaltotheearnedvalue(EV)minustheplannedvalue(PV).TheEVM
schedulevarianceisausefulmetricinthatitcanindicatewhenaprojectisfallingbehindoris ahead
ofitsbaseline schedule.TheEVMschedulevariancewillultimatelyequal zerowhenthe