http://www.alsenosy.com | http://www.professionalengineers.us227.Answer:C.
PMBOK®Guide,page 665 ,SectionX 3. 1
The Continuum of Project LifeCycles
Tounderstandtheapplicationoftheprocessinadaptiveprojects,thecontinuumofprojectlife cycles
shouldbedefined.ThePMBOK®GuideGlossarydescribestheprojectlifecycleas“theseries of
phasesthataprojectpassesthroughfromitsstarttoitscompletion.“Withinaprojectlifecycle,
therearegenerallyoneormorephasesthatareassociatedwiththedevelopmentoftheproduct,
service,orresult.Thesearecalledadevelopmentlifecycle.Developmentlifecyclescanbe predictive
(plan-driven),adaptive(agile),iterative,incremental,orahybrid.
228.Answer:A.
PMBOK®Guide,page 667 ,SectionX 3. 2. 1
Sequential Iteration-Based Phases
Adaptiveprojectsareoftendecomposedintoasequenceofphasescallediterations.Eachiteration
utilizestherelevantprojectmanagementprocesses.Theseiterationscreatecadenceofpredictable,
time-boxed,pre-agreed,consistentdurationthataidswithscheduling.
PerformingtheProcessGroupsrepeatedlyincursoverhead.Theoverheadisconsiderednecessaryto
effectivelymanageprojectswithhighdegreesofcomplexity,uncertainty,andchange.Theeffort level
foriteration-basedphasesisillustratedinFigureX 3 - 2.
Section X3.2.2 Continuous Overlapping Phases
ProjectsthatarehighlyadaptivewilloftenperformalloftheProjectManagementProcessGroups
continuously throughout the project life cycle. Inspired by techniques from lean thinking, the
adaptiveapproachisoftenreferredtoas“continuousandadaptiveplanning,”whichacknowledges
thatonceworkstarts,theplanwillchange,andtheplanneedstoreflectthisnewknowledge.The
intentistoaggressivelyrefineandimproveallelementsoftheprojectmanagementplan,beyondthe
prescheduledcheckpointsassociatewithiterations.TheinteractionoftheProcessGroups inthis
approachisillustratedinFigureX 3 - 3.
Figure X 3 - 3 : Relationship of Process Groups in ContinuousPhases
Thesehighlyadaptiveapproachescontinuouslypulltasksfromaprioritizedlistofwork.Thisaimsto
minimizetheoverheadofmanagingProcessGroupsrepeatedly,byremovingthestartandendof
iterationactivities.Continuouspullsystemscanbeviewedasmicro-iterationswithanemphasison
maximizingthetimeavailableonexecutionratherthanmanagement.Theydo,however,needtheir
ownplanning,tracking,andadjustmentmechanismstokeepthemontrackandadapttochanges.