National Geographic - UK (2019-07)

V

a

lli

s

Sc

hr

öd

in

ge

r

V

a

l

li

s

P

l

a

n

c

k

M

o

n

t

e

s

C

o

r

d

i

l

l

e

r

a

M

o

n

t

e

s

R

o

o

k

M

A

R

E

A

U

S

T

R

A

L

E

M

ARE

INGEN

II

O

R

I

E

N

T

A

L

E

M

A

R

E

M

O

S

C

O

V

IE

N

S

E

M

A

R

E

L

ac

u

s

S

o

li

t

ud

i

n

is

Abbe

Abul Wáfa

Aitken

Al-K

hwarizmi

A

lde

n

Amici

Anderson

Applet

on

Ar

tem'ev

Av

ogadro

Babco

ck

B

ac

klu

nd

Ba

ldet

Barr

inger

Bečvář

Beijerin

ck

B

ell

B

er

kn

e

r

Bh

abha

Birkeland

B

la

ck

et

t

Bose

Boyle

B

ra

g

g

Bredikhin

B

ri

dg

ma

n

Bro

nk

Bu

ffo

n

Buys-Ballot

Ca

nt

or

Car

no

t

C

a

rv

e

r

Champolli

on

Chaplygi

n

Chappell

Ch

arli

er

Cha

uvenet

Cherny

shev

Chr

étien

Co

ckcroft

Co

ri

Coriolis

C

o

u

l

o

m

b

C

ro

cc

o

Cyrano

Daedalus

Dante

Davisson

De

M

or

aes

De Vries

Dellinger

D

eu

ts

ch

D

o

n

ne

r

Dopple

r

D

reyer

Dunér

Ed

is

on

E

inthoven

Emden

E

ötv

ös

Es

nault

• 
  

Pe

lterie

Ev

ershed

F

a

b

r

y

Fer

sman

Finsen

Firsov

Fitzgerald

F

iz

ea

u

Fl

em

ing

Flor

ensk

y

Freundlich

Fr

os

t

Gado

mski

G

am

ow

Garavito

G

avrilo

v

Gr

iss

om

Gu

yot

H

.

G.

W

ell

s

H

arr

iot

Ha

rvey

Heaviside

H

ert

z

Hess

H

ilbe

rt

Hiray

ama

Ho

pm

ann

Ibn Firn

as

Ibn

Yun

us

Icarus

Ioffe

I

saev

Jo

li

ot

Joule

J

ules

V

erne

K

arpins

kiy

K

arr

er

Keeler

Kek

ulé

Kibal'chich

Ki

din

n

u

Kirkw

ood

K

och

Kohlsc

hütter

K

omarov

Konstantinov

K

osti

nskiy

K

ov

ale

vsk

aya

Ko

z

yr

ev

K

ra

m

e

r

s

Krasovskiy

K

u

g

l

e

r

Kulik

K

ur

cha

tov

L

a

c

c

h

in

i

L

a

m

b

J

e

n

n

e

r

Lam

p

lan

d

Lane

L

angemak

La

ngm

uir

Larmor

La

u

e

L

ea

vit

t

Le

b

e

d

e

v

Lebedinskiy

Leeuwen

hoek

Leibnitz

Le

uc

ip

pu

s

L

evi-Civ

ita

L

ey

L

owe

ll

Lu

cretius

L

yman

Maksuto

v

Marco

ni

M

ariott

e

M

a

x

w

el

l

M

cKellar

McMath

M

echnikov

Mei

tner

Mesh

chersk

iy

Mic

helson

Mi

lan

ko

vič

M

ill

ika

n

Moh

orovičić

Mois

eev

Montgolfier

Mo

ore

Morse

Na

ns

en

Nassau

N

e

r

n

st

Ne

ujm

in

Nušl

O

bruche

v

Oh

m

O

lc

ott

O

liv

ie

r

Oresm

e

Orlov

O

stwald

P

a

n

e

t

h

Pannekoek

Papaleksi

P

aracelsus

P

araskev

opoulo

s

Pa

re

na

go

Pau

li

Pav

lov

P

aw

se

y

Perepelkin

Pir

quet

Plaskett

Plumme

r

P

olz

un

ov

P

op

ov

Racah

R

aimond

Ra

msa

y

R

a

zu

m

o

v

R

ich

a

rd

so

n

R

ob

er

tso

n

R

ö

n

tg

e

n

Ro

ss

el

an

d

Ro

wland

Rumford

Saenger

S

aha

San

ford

S

a

rt

o

n

Sc

al

ige

r

S

ch

jel

ler

up

S

ch

les

ing

er

Schliemann

Schneller

Schuster

S

eidel

S

eyf

ert

Sharonov

Shayn

Si

edento

pf

Sie

rpinski

Sli

pher

Spencer Jo

nes

S

te

bb

ins

S

te

f

a

n

S

te

ts

o

n

St

ör

me

r

Strat

ton

St

römg

ren

Su

bbo

tin

S

zi

la

rd

Thie

ssen

Thoms

on

Tikhov

Trumpler

Tsander

Ts

era

sk

iy

Tsi

olkov

skiy

V

an

d

e

r

W

a

a

ls

v

an

't

H

o

ff

Vening Vavilov

Meinesz

V

erna

dsk

iy

Vesalius

V

e

s

ti

n

e

V

ol

te

r

ra

v

o

n

B

é

k

és

y

V

on de

r Pah

len

V

on Neum

ann

Vo

n Z

ei

pel

W

eg

e

n

e

r

W

iene

r

W

in

lo

ck

W

oo

d

Wyld

Yama

moto

Zhukovskiy

Be

l'

k

o

v

i

c

h

Schwarzschild

Co

m

pt

o

n

Y

a

b

lo

c

h

k

o

v

Somme

rfel

d

H

i

pp

o

c

ra

t

e

s

M

e

ze

n

t

se

v

Lo

ve

la

c

e

Fr

o

e

li

ch

M

e

r

r

i

l

l

L

i

n

d

b

l

a

d

N

ö

t

h

e

r

Bi

rk

h

of

f

H

a

r

k

h

e

b

i

S

m

o

lu

c

h

o

w

s

k

i

Z

s

ig

m

o

n

d

y

P

o

c

z

o

b

u

t

t

M

cL

a

u

g

h

li

n

L

a

n

d

a

u

D

e

b

ye

D

'A

l

e

m

b

er

t

C

a

m

p

b

e

l

l

F

o

w

l

e

r

P

et

rop

av

lo

vsk

iy

L

o

r

e

n

t

z

L

o

m

on

o

so

v

D

z

iew

ul

ski

A

l-

Bir

un

i

M

e

n

d

e

l

e

e

v

P

a

s

t

e

u

r

V

e

n

t

r

i

s

G

a

l

o

i

s

M

aun

de

r

G

era

sim

ov

ic

h

Z

w

i

c

k

y

V

a

n

d

e

G

r

a

a

f

f

Ferm

i

C

u

r

i

e

S

kl

od

ow

sk

a

P

ar

kh

ur

st

M

i

ln

e

R

o

c

h

e

A

pol

lo

C

he

b

y

sh

e

v

M

e

n

d

e

l

L

i

p

p

m

a

n

n

M

ink

ow

s

ki

V

o

n

K

á

rm

án

Po

in

caré

S

c

h

rö

d

in

ger

A

n

u

c

h

i

n

C

a

s

se

g

ra

in

C

h

a

m

b

e

r

l

in

H

a

le

A

n

to

n

ia

d

i

Minna

ert

Cabannes

Bellins

gauz

en

L

em

aît

re

N

u

m

e

ro

v

De F

orest

Z

ee

m

an

As

hb

ro

o

k

D

o

e

r

f

e

l

P

et

zv

al

W

at

s

o

n

E

ij

km

an

C

ro

m

m

e

l

in

Korolev

Hertzsprung

Gagar

in

P

l

a

n

c

k

R

y

d

b

e

r

g

G

u

th

n

i

c

k

A

r

r

h

e

n

i

u

s

M

ach

Oppenh

eimer

V

ertregt

Rozhdestvenskiy

Br

ou

w

er

Ber

lage

P

o

y

n

t

i

n

g

Lob

ach

evs

kiy

C

a

t

e

n

a

S

u

m

n

e

r

C

a

t

e

n

a

K

u

r

c

h

a

t

o

v

C

a

t

e

n

a

M

i

c

h

e

ls

o

n

C

a

t

e

n

a

L

u

c

r

e

t

i

u

s

C

a

t

e

n

a

L

e

u

s

c

h

n

e

r

Lunar Orbiter 2

10/11/1967

Lunar Orbiter 1

10/29/1966

Lunar Orbiter 5

1/31/1968

SELENE /Okina

2/12/2009

Lunar Orbiter 3

10/9/1967

LADEE

4/18/2014

Ranger 4

4/26/1962

Chang’e 4

1/3/2019

12

0 °

150 ° 180 °

30 °

60 ° 60 °

60 °

60 °

North Pole

South Pole

30 °

30 °

30 °

0 ° 0 °

EQUATOR

East

Longitude

West

Longitude

150 ° 120 °

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Apollo 8

Apollo 10, 11, 12

Apollo 13

Apollo 14, 15

Apollo 16, 17

Flyby, orbiter, or test vehicle

Landing or impactor

Mission failure

Country or agency

Mission type

United States (U.S.)

Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.)/Russia

China

Japan

European Space Agency (ESA)

India

Israel

South Korea

Planned missions

Highest point

35,387 ft

10,786 m

Lowest point

-30,112 ft

-9,178 m

MATTHEW W. CHWASTYK, NGM STAFF

SOURCES: NASA; GAZETTEER OF PLANETARY

NOMENCLATURE, PLANETARY GEOMATICS GROUP,

USGS; NASA/JPL; UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA; JOHNS

HOPKINS UNIVERSITY APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY;

CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON; LISA

GADDIS, USGS ASTROGEOLOGY SCIENCE CENTER

RUGGED REVERSE

The far side is more varied and

pocked with craters than the

flatter near side. The moon’s

features are named for astro-

nauts, scientists, and scholars.

TO THE MOON OR BUST

The prize of the space race—landing

humans on the moon and returning

them home safely—fueled the rivalry

between the U.S. and Soviet Union in

the 1960s. Now robotic missions are

determining whether the moon could

be a stepping-stone for human ven-

tures deeper into the solar system.

FAR side

Catena, catenae : chain of craters

Dorsum, dorsa : ridge

Lacus, lacū s: small plain

Mare, maria : broad, flat plain

Mons, montes : mountain

Palus, paludes : small plain

Rupes, rupēs : steep slope

Sinus, sinū s : small plain

Vallis, valles : valley

All other named

features are craters.

GLOSSARY (Singular, plural)