400 Appendix ■ Answers
6 4. C. The Agile Manifesto includes 12 principles for software development. Three of those
are listed as answer choices: maximizing the amount of work not done is essential, build
projects around motivated individuals, and welcome changing requirements throughout
the development process. Agile does not, however, consider clear documentation the
primary measure of progress. Instead, working software is the primary measure of
progress.- The code testing methods match to their definitions as follows:
- Regression testing: C. A testing method that is used to verify that previously tested
software performs the same way after changes are made. - Integration testing: D. A testing method used to validate how software modules
work together. - Unit testing: B. A testing method that focuses on modules or smaller sections of code
for testing. - System testing: A. Testing on a complete integrated product.
- Regression testing: C. A testing method that is used to verify that previously tested
- D. Expert systems have two components: a knowledge bank that contains the collected
wisdom of human experts and an inference engine that allows the expert systems to
draw conclusions about new situations based on the information contained within the
knowledge bank.
6 7. D. A key-value store is an example of a NoSQL database that does not follow a
relational or hierarchical model like traditional databases. A graph database is another
example of a NoSQL database, but it uses nodes and edges to store data rather than keys
and values.- C. A database failure in the middle of a transaction causes the rollback of the entire
transaction. In this scenario, the database would not execute either command. - B. In the diagram, Account is the name of the class. Owner and Balance are attributes of
that class. AddFunds and RemoveFunds are methods of the class. - B. Static testing performs code analysis in an offline fashion, without actually executing
the code. Dynamic testing evaluates code in a runtime environment. Both static and
dynamic testing may use automated tools, and both are important security testing
techniques. - D. The chart shown in the figure is a Gantt chart, showing the proposed start and end
dates for different activities. It is developed based on the work breakdown structure
(WBS), which is developed based on functional requirements. Program Evaluation Review
Technique (PERT) charts show the project schedule as a series of numbered nodes. - D. In a gray box test, the tester evaluates the software from a user perspective but has
access to the source code as the test is conducted. White box tests also have access to the
source code but perform testing from a developer’s perspective. Black box tests work from
a user’s perspective but do not have access to source code. Blue boxes are a telephone
hacking tool and not a software testing technique.