- Mechanical causes – Here the cause is simply due to poor posture or improper
lifting/ twisting resulting in muscle or ligament strain and muscle spasm - Pathological causes – In these cases, there is damage to the facet joints due to
arthritis, disc herniation, fracture of a vertebra or some such clinical condition
that is the underlying cause for the back pain. There may be superimposed
muscle spasm that prevents movement in order to safeguard the spine.
We shall march on to the mechanical causes first.