carcinoid tumour, thyrotoxicosis, bipolar depression,
schizophrenia, or acute confusional states.
lINTERACTIONS→Appendix 1 : linezolid
lSIDE-EFFECTS
▶Common or very commonAnaemia.constipation.
diarrhoea.dizziness.gastrointestinal discomfort.
headache.hypertension.increased risk of infection.
insomnia.localised pain.nausea.skin reactions.taste
altered.vomiting
▶UncommonArrhythmia.chills.dry mouth.eosinophilia.
fatigue.gastritis.hyperhidrosis.hyponatraemia.
leucopenia.neutropenia.oral disorders.pancreatitis.
polyuria.renal failure.seizure.sensation abnormal.
thirst.thrombocytopenia.thrombophlebitis.tinnitus.
transient ischaemic attack.vision disorders.vulvovaginal
disorder
▶Rare or very rareAntibiotic associated colitis.bone
marrow disorders
▶Frequency not knownAlopecia.angioedema.lactic
acidosis.nerve disorders.serotonin syndrome.severe
cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs)
lPREGNANCYManufacturer advises use only if potential
benefit outweighs risk—no information available.
lBREAST FEEDINGManufacturer advises avoid—present in
milk inanimalstudies.
lHEPATIC IMPAIRMENTNo dose adjustment necessary but
in severe hepatic impairment use only if potential benefit
outweighs risk.
lRENAL IMPAIRMENTNo dose adjustment necessary but
metabolites may accumulate if estimated glomerular
filtration rate less than 30 mL/minute/ 1. 73 m^2.
lMONITORING REQUIREMENTSMonitor full blood count
(including platelet count) weekly.
lDIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATIONInfusion to be
administered over 30 – 120 minutes.
lPRESCRIBING AND DISPENSING INFORMATIONFlavours of
oral liquid formulations may include orange.
There is limited information on use in children and
expert advice should be sought.
lPATIENT AND CARER ADVICEPatients should be advised to
read the patient information leaflet given with linezolid.
lMEDICINAL FORMS
There can be variation in the licensing of different medicines
containing the same drug.
Infusion
EXCIPIENTS:May contain Glucose
ELECTROLYTES:May contain Sodium
▶Linezolid (Non-proprietary)
Linezolid 2 mg per 1 mlLinezolid 600 mg/ 300 ml infusion bags|
10 bagP£ 445. 00 (Hospital only)
▶Zyvox(Pfizer Ltd)
Linezolid 2 mg per 1 mlZyvox 600 mg/ 300 ml infusion bags|
10 bagP£ 445. 00
Oral suspension
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS9, 10
EXCIPIENTS:May contain Aspartame
▶Zyvox(Pfizer Ltd)
Linezolid 20 mg per 1 mlZyvox 100 mg/ 5 ml granules for oral
suspension| 150 mlP£ 222. 50
Tablet
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS9, 10
▶Linezolid (Non-proprietary)
Linezolid 600 mgLinezolid 600 mg tablets| 10 tabletP£ 82. 12 –
£ 445. 00 DT = £ 335. 35
▶Zyvox(Pfizer Ltd)
Linezolid 600 mgZyvox 600 mg tablets| 10 tabletP£ 445. 00 DT
=£ 335. 35
Trimethoprim
lINDICATIONS AND DOSE
Urinary-tract infections|Respiratory tract infections
▶BY MOUTH
▶Neonate:Initially 3 mg/kg for 1 dose, then 1 – 2 mg/kg
twice daily.▶Child 4–5 weeks: 4 mg/kg twice daily (max. per dose
200 mg)
▶Child 6 weeks–5 months: 4 mg/kg twice daily (max. per
dose 200 mg), alternatively 25 mg twice daily
▶Child 6 months–5 years: 4 mg/kg twice daily (max. per
dose 200 mg), alternatively 50 mg twice daily
▶Child 6–11 years: 4 mg/kg twice daily (max. per dose
200 mg), alternatively 100 mg twice daily
▶Child 12–17 years: 200 mg twice daily
Prophylaxis of urinary-tract infection (considered for
recurrent infection, significant urinary-tract anomalies,
or significant kidney damage)
▶BY MOUTH
▶Neonate: 2 mg/kg once daily, dose to be taken at night.▶Child 4–5 weeks: 2 mg/kg once daily (max. per dose
100 mg), dose to be taken at night
▶Child 6 weeks–5 months: 2 mg/kg once daily (max. per
dose 100 mg), dose to be taken at night, alternatively
12. 5 mg once daily, dose to be taken at night
▶Child 6 months–5 years: 2 mg/kg once daily (max. per
dose 100 mg), dose to be taken at night, alternatively
25 mg once daily, dose to be taken at night
▶Child 6–11 years: 2 mg/kg once daily (max. per dose
100 mg), dose to be taken at night, alternatively 50 mg
once daily, dose to be taken at night
▶Child 12–17 years: 100 mg once daily, dose to be taken at
night
Treatment of mild to moderatePneumocystis jirovecii
(Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia in patients who
cannot tolerate co-trimoxazole (in combination with
dapsone)
▶BY MOUTH
▶Child: 5 mg/kg every 6 – 8 hours
Shigellosis|Invasive salmonella infection
▶BY MOUTH
▶Child:(consult product literature)lUNLICENSED USENot licensed for treatment of
pneumocystis pneumonia. Not licensed for use in children
under 6 weeks.
lCONTRA-INDICATIONSBlood dyscrasias
lCAUTIONSAcute porphyrias p. 603 .neonates (specialist
supervision required).predisposition to folate deficiency
lINTERACTIONS→Appendix 1 : trimethoprim
lSIDE-EFFECTS
▶Common or very commonDiarrhoea.electrolyte imbalance
.fungal overgrowth.headache.nausea.skin reactions.
vomiting
▶Rare or very rareAgranulocytosis.angioedema.anxiety.
appetite decreased.arthralgia.behaviour abnormal.bone
marrow disorders.confusion.constipation.cough.
depression.dizziness.dyspnoea.eosinophilia.erythema
nodosum.fever.haemolysis.haemolytic anaemia.
haemorrhage.hallucination.hepatic disorders.
hypoglycaemia.lethargy.leucopenia.meningitis aseptic.
movement disorders.myalgia.neutropenia.oral
disorders.pancreatitis.paraesthesia.peripheral neuritis.
photosensitivity reaction.pseudomembranous
enterocolitis.renal impairment.seizure.severe
cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs).sleep disorders.
syncope.systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).BNFC 2018 – 2019 Bacterial infection 359
Infection5