butanol, which starts with the prefix 2-methyl.12 . C
The suffix –amide in nicotinamide indicates that this compound contains an amide functional
group. The prefix diphospho– indicates that there are two phosphate groups, as well. Even if we
did not know the prefix phospho– from this chapter, we should recognize that nucleotides,
mentioned in the name of the compound, contain a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous
base. The structure of NAD+, the oxidized form of NADH, is shown below.
13 . A
We can use the name acetylformic acid to figure out what our functional groups are. The prefix
acet– refers to a two-carbon unit with one carbon in a carbonyl group—think of acetic acid, acetic
anhydride, or acetaldehyde. The carbonyl carbon is the point of attachment to another
functional group. Formic acid is a single-carbon carboxylic acid. Therefore, acetylformic acid is an
acetyl group directly attached to formic acid, as shown in choice (A). Choice (B) shows acetic
acid, or vinegar; choice (C) shows glucose; and choice (D) shows formic acid.14 . B
Acetic anhydride is the common name for ethanoic anhydride. Methyl formate is the common
name for methyl methanoate; we can infer this from the common root form– and the ester suffix