Facilitators-Handbook-For-Permaculture

306 Facilitator’s Handbook for Permaculture Workshops

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Presentation : Raising different fish species together

Method : Facilitator presentation

Tools : Images, black /white board, markers

References : PC Book MOD 11 - Aquaculture

Objective    :  Participants    learn   about   how to  raise   different   fish    species together

Fish can be divided into three categories:

• Herbivores - Fish that only eat plants, plankton, leaves, grains, etc. For
  example carp.


• Carnivores - Fish that only eat meat or animals, including insects, small pond
  animals and other fish. For example eels and catfish.


• Omnivores - Fish that are herbivores but also eat, meat, insects and other very
  small pond animals as well. For example tilapia, catfish, and carp.

About common local species:

• There are many different types of catfish, some are carnivores and some are
  omnivores - The common type of catfish in Indonesia are omnivores.


• There are also many types of carp, some are herbivores and some are omnivores
  
  
  • In Indonesia the carp that are raised are omnivores.
  
  
  
  


• Most fish in Indonesia are omnivores. Catfish will eat small fish and therefore
  should be added last. Other omnivores usually won’t.

A healthy aquaculture system should contain different types of fish because:

• Different types of fish feed at different layers in the water and will maximize the
  use of food and space in the pond.


• The fish that eat on the top and middle of the pond eat most of the fish food,
  and eat mosquito larvae and other insects, for example tilapia.


• Different types of fish play different roles in keeping the pond healthy.


• Bottom feeders will eat any food and plant material that drops to the bottom, as
  well as plankton and other fish food growing on the bottom. They help to keep
  the pond environment healthy by managing excess nutrients and waste products
  that build up on the bottom, for example carp and catfish.

For the long-term aim of sustainability and a self-maintaining fishpond, raising

different types of fish together is the best method.