Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

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CHAPTER 20

Chapter Outline

Meiosis
Spermatogenesis
Oogenesis
Male Reproductive System
Testes
Epididymis
Ductus Deferens
Ejaculatory Ducts
Seminal Vesicles
Prostate Gland
Bulbourethral Glands
Urethra—Penis
Semen
Female Reproductive System
Ovaries
Fallopian Tubes
Uterus
Vagina
External Genitals
Mammary Glands
The Menstrual Cycle
Aging and the Reproductive Systems

BOX20–1 TRISOMY AND DOWN SYNDROME

BOX20–2 CONTRACEPTION

BOX20–3 PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

BOX20–4 IN VITROFERTILIZATION

BOX20–5 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

BOX20–6 MAMMOGRAPHY

Student Objectives

• Describe the process of meiosis. Define diploid
  and haploid.


• Describe the differences between spermatogenesis
  and oogenesis.


• Name the hormones necessary for the formation
  of gametes, and state the function of each.


• Describe the location and functions of the testes.


• Explain the functions of the epididymis, ductus
  deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra.


• Explain the functions of the seminal vesicles,
  prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.


• Describe the composition of semen, and explain
  why its pH must be alkaline.


• Name the parts of a sperm cell, and state the func-
  tion of each.


• Describe the functions of the ovaries, fallopian
  tubes, uterus, and vagina.


• Describe the structure and function of the
  myometrium and endometrium.


• Describe the structure of the mammary glands and
  the functions of the hormones involved in lacta-
  tion.


• Describe the menstrual cycle in terms of the hor-
  mones involved and the changes in the ovaries and
  endometrium.