Act of 1993,” (103rd Congress, S.387) introduced February 18, 1993.
Details of the oil-consuming bacteria involved in Chakrabarty’s lawsuit can be found in
patent no. 4,259,444, available at Patft.uspto.gov. For more information on the lawsuit, see
Diamond v. Chakrabarty (447 U.S. 303).
For further reading on other cell ownership cases mentioned in this chapter, see “Hayflick-
NIH Settlement,” Science, January 15, 1982; L. Hayflick, “A Novel Technique for Transform-
ing the Theft of Mortal Human Cells into Praiseworthy Federal Policy,” Experimental Geronto-
logy 33, nos. 1–2 (January-March 1998); Marjorie Sun, “Scientists Settle Cell Line Dispute,”
Science, April 22, 1983; and Ivor Royston, “Cell Lines from Human Patients: Who Owns
Them?” presented at the AFCR Public Policy Symposium, 42nd Annual Meeting, Washington,
D.C., May 6, 1985; and Miles Inc v. Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation et al.
(89–56302).
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