L 'Acte additionel (Paris 191 1); Dennis Wood, Benjamin Constant: A
Biography ( 1993); P. Bastid, Benjamin Constant et sa doctrine (Paris 1965).
Political aspects of Napoleon's return appear in M. Reinhard, Le
Grand Carnot (Paris 1952); W. Serieyx, Drouot et Napoleon (Paris 1931);
H. Malo, Le Bedau Montrond (Paris 1926); R. Alexander, Bonapartism and
Revolutionary Tradition in France; the Federes of I8IS (1991); Frederic
Bluche, Le Plebiscite des Cent Jours (Geneva 1974); M. Bruguiere, La
Premiere Restauration et son Budget (Paris 1969); X. Gignoux, La Vie du
Baron Louis (Paris 1928). Fouche, correctly identified by Houssaye as the
key figure of 1815 in the imperial destiny is best approached by a
quaternity of volumes: his own Memoires de Joseph Fouche, Due d 'Otrante,
ed. Michel Vovelle (Paris 1992); Andre Castelot, Fouche (Paris 1990);
Louis Madelin, Fouche, I759-I82o, 2 vols (Paris 1910) and the classic
account by Stefan Zweig, Fouche (Paris 1969). Useful articles for the
politics of 1815 include: H. Kurtz, 'Napoleon in 1815: the second reign',
History Today, October 1965 pp.673-87 and R. Alexander, 'Thefederes of
Dijon in 1815', Historical Journal 30 (1987) pp.367-<)0.
There are many useful travellers' tales which set the scene in Paris:
Lady Sidney Owenson Morgan, La France (1817); John Scott, Paris
Revisited in 1815 (1816); Samuel Romilly, Life of Sir Samuel Romilly
written by himse/f(1842); John Hobhouse, The Substance of Some Letters
written by an Englishman Resident at Paris during the last reign of the
Emperor Napoleon (1816). For the general context in France and reactions
in the regions consult the following: A. Jardin & A.J. Tudesq, La France
des notables, I8I5-I848, 2 vols (Paris 1973); Marc Blancpain, La vie
quotidienne dans Ia France du Nord sous les occupations (I8I4-I944) (Paris
1983) Henry Contamine, Metz et Ia Moselle de I8I4 a I870 (Paris 1932);
J. Vidalenc, Le Departement de l'Eure sous Ia monarchic constitutionelle
(Paris 1952); P. Leulliot, La Premiere Restauration et les cent jours en Alsace
(Paris 1958); G. Lavalley, Le Due d'Aumont et les Cent Jours en Normandie
(n.d.); R. Grand, La Chouannerie de I8IS (Paris 1942); Bertrand Lasserre,
Le General Lemarque et !'Insurrection royaliste en Vendee (Paris 1906). An
interesting sidelight is shed by E. Romberg and A. Malet, Louis XVIII et
les cent jours a Card (Paris 1902).
If, as is often claimed, far too much has been written about the
Waterloo campaign, perhaps this is because of the embarrassment of
riches when it comes to primary sources. Among the memoirs already
cited one should point in particular to those by Lucien Bonaparte,
Bourrienne, Fouche, Hortense, Lafayette, Chateaubriand, Mole, Real,
Savary, Talleyrand and Thibaudeau. Also essential are Emmanuel,
Marquis de Grouchy, Fragments Historiques (Paris 1829) and Memoires
marcin
(Marcin)
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