B
PH2); Antiherpetic (f; HH2); Antiinflammatory (1; MAB; PED); Antiischemic (1; MAB; PH2);
Antioxidant (1; FNF; SKY); Antiplaque (1; HH2); Antipyretic (1; PNC); Antiretinohemorrhagic
(1; PH2); Antiseptic (1; APA; FNF; MAD); Antispasmodic (1; PED); Antiulcer (1; APA; MAB;
PH2); Antiviral (1; APA; HH2); Astringent (1; APA; MAB; PH2; PNC); Bitter (1; PED); Circulo-
stimulant (1; SKY); Collagen-Protectant (1; PED; PH2); Diuretic (1; PNC); Fungicide (1; HH2);
Immunostimulant (1; MAB); Lipolytic (1; PH2); Myorelaxant (f; APA); Phagocytotic (1; MAB);
Vasodilator (1; PNC); Vasoprotective (1; BGB; MAB; PH2); Vulnerary (1; PH2).
Indications (Bilberry) — Angina (1; APA; BGB); Anorexia (f; MAD); Aphtha (f; MAD);
Arthrosis (1; PED; PHR; PH2); Atherosclerosis (2; APA; SKY); Bleeding (f; MAD; PH2); Bruise
(1; PED); Burn (f; PH2); Capillary Fragility (2; BGB; MAB; PED; PH2); Cardiopathy (1; BGB;
MAB); Cataract (1; APA; SKY); Catarrh (f; MAD); Circulosis (1; SKY); Colitis (1; BGB; MAD);
Conjunctivosis (1; PH2); Constipation (3; APA); Cramp (1; PED); CVI (2; APA; MAB); Cystosis
(f; MAD); Debility (f; MAD); Dermatosis (f; HH2; MAD; PHR; PH2); Diabetes (1; APA; MAD;
PHR; PH2); Diabetic Hypoglycemia (1; TMA); Diabetic Retinopathy (2; MAB; SKY); Diarrhea
(3; APA; KOM; MAD; MAM; PH2; SHT); Dropsy (f; MAD); Dysentery (1; MAB; MAD);
Dysmenorrhea (2; APA; MAB); Dyspepsia (1; APA; MAB); Eczema (f; MAD); Edema (1; PH2);
Encephalosis (1; APA); Enterosis (1; MAD; MAM; PHR; PH2); Epistaxis (2; MAB); Esophagosis
(1; MAB); Fever (1; PNC); Flu (1; HH2); Fungus (1; HH2); Gallstone (f; MAD); Gastrosis (f;
PHR; PH2); Gingivosis (1; APA; MAD); Glaucoma (2; APA; MAB; PED); Gonorrhea (f; MAD);
Gout (f; HH2; PHR; PH2); Hemeralopia (2; MAB); Hemorrhoid (2; BGB; HH2; MAB; PH2);
Hepatosis (1; APA); Herpes (f; HH2); High Cholesterol (1; APA); Hyperglycemia (f; APA);
Hyperlipidemia (1; PH2); Immunodepression (1; MAB); Impaired Vision (especially at night)
(1; PED); Infection (1; HH2; MAB); Inflammation (1; APA; MAB; PED; PH2); Ischemia (1;
MAB); Laryngosis (f; MAD); Leukoplakia (f; MAD); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Maculosis (1; SKY);
Mucososis (2; KOM; MAB; PH2; PIP); Mycosis (1; HH2); Myopia (2; FNF; MAB); Nephrosis
(f; PHR; PH2); Nyctalopia (2; MAB; PED; PH2); Odontosis (f; MAD); Ophthalmia (1; PH2);
Pain (1; MAB); Paraesthesia (1; MAB); Periodontosis (1; PED); Peritonosis (f; MAD); Pharyn-
gosis (2; MAB; PHR; PH2; PIP); Plaque (1; HH2; MAD); Psoriasis (f; MAD); Raynaud’s (1;
MAB; PED); Respirosis (f; HH2); Retinosis (2; BGB; MAB); Sore (f; PH2); Sore Throat (2;
KOM; PIP; PH2); Stomatosis (2; MAB; MAD; PHR; PH2; PIP); Swelling (1; BGB; HH2; MAB;
PH2); Thick Blood (1; APA; BGB; PED); Typhus (f; MAD); Ulcer (1; APA; MAB; PH2);
Urethrosis (f; PHR; PH2); Varicosis (1; MAB; PED; SKY); Virus (1; APA; HH2); Vomiting (f;
PH2); Water Retention (1; PNC); Wound (1; MAB).
Dosages (Bilberry) — 1–2 tbsp crushed fruit/cup water; or 3 tbsp (ca 30 g) dried berries (APA);
20–60 g dry fruit (KOM); 12–24 g dry fruit (PED); 20–60 g dry fruit/day (SF);^1 / 2 –1 cup fresh
fruit (PED); 100–300 g fresh berry (SHT); 1–1.5 tsp fruit (= ~7–10.5 g) cold infusion (MAD); 2–8
ml liquid fruit extract (PNC); 3–6 ml/day fluid extract (1:1) (MAB); 1 g leaf/cup tea (HH2); tablets
with 50–120 mg (= 20–50 g fruit) (MAB); 2 (470 mg) capsules (StX to contain at least 10 mg
anthocyanosides (25% anthocyanosides)) 2 ×/day (NH); 240–480 mg StX/day (25% anthocyano-
sides) (SF; SKY); 500 mg StX (25% anthocyanosides) (PED). Interpretations of Commission E
approvals vary slightly: Blumenthal et al. (1998) approve 20–60 g fruit for nonspecific acute diarrhea
and local therapy of mild inflammation of the mucous membranes of mouth and throat. Gruenwald
et al. (1998) approve the fruits (not leaves) for diarrhea, pharyngosis, and stomatosis. Neither
apparently approve for the indications for which I take bilberry, preventing further deterioration of
the eyesight (e.g. maculitis, poor night vision, (nyctalopia)). Since bilberry is a healthy food
pharmaceutical I’ll take the good old bilberry in spite of its disapproval by these scholastic tomes.
It’s even richer in eye-preserving anthocyanosides than our native blueberries.
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Bilberry) — Fruits, Class 1; Leaf, Class
4 (AHP). Leaves can be poisonous consumed over a long period of time (TMA, 1996). Com-