Psychology: A Self-Teaching Guide

Motivation: Why Do We Do What We Do? 105

10. If a person lives a meaningless life, then that life will be empty and pointless.
    Frankl calls this mental and emotional state
    a. major depressive episode
    b. bipolar disorder
    c. the existential vacuum
    d. biochemical depression

ANSWERS TO THE SELF-TEST

1-d 2-a 3-d 4-d 5-a 6-b 7-b 8-c 9-a 10-c

ANSWERS TO THE TRUE-OR-FALSE PREVIEW QUIZ

1. False. Biological drives are regulated by a principle known as homeostasis.


2. False. General drives, like biological drives, are inborn.


3. True.


4. False. According to Freud, some motives are unconscious.


5. True.

KEY TERMS

acquired motives

acting out

activity drive

affectional drive

being motivation

biological drives

change of stimulation

cognitive needs

curiosity drive

deficiency motivation

drive reduction theory

emergent

esteem needs

existential vacuum

general drives

hierarchy of needs

homeostasis

infantile autism

intervening variable

love and belongingness needs

motivation

motive

need for achievement

need for affiliation

need for aggression

need for autonomy

need for dominance

need for exhibition