Environmental Engineering FOURTH EDITION

Air Pollution Law 415

levels of the NAAQS. This showing is made in each State Implementation Plan (SIP),
a document that contains all of the state’s regulations governing air pollution control,
including local regulations within the state. The SIP must be approved by the EPA, but
once approved, it has the force of federal law.

Regulation of Emissions

Under Section 111 of the Clean Air Act, EPA has the authority to set emission stan-
dards (called “performance standards” in the Clean Air Act) only for new or mkedly
modified sources of the criteria pollutants. The states may set performance standards
for existing sources and have the authority to enforce EPA’s new source performance
standards (NSPS). EPAhas also delegated to certain states (e.g., Alabama) the authority
to develop their own NSPS. A priority list of industries for NSPS that are to be set
has been in place since 1971; new technology can also motivate revision of the NSPS.
The list of industries and NSPS is too long for this chapter, but Table 21-2 gives some
typical NSPS.
Categories of industrial facilities that emit these listed pollutants must use removal
technologies if the facility emits 10 tons per year of any single hazardous substance or
25 tons per year of any combination of hazardous substances. Categories of industrial
sources, taken from the list of hundreds, include:
Industrial external combustion boilers
Printing and publishing

Table 21-2. Some Typical NSPS as Cited in 40 CFR Part 60 (2001)

NSPS

Minimum Particulate matter so2 NO,

Facility size (kgwa (kgflcT)a (kgma

Coal-burnhg 250MBtu/ha 1.3 x 5.2 x 8.6 x
generating plants

generating plants

generating plants

Oil-burning 250 MBtulha 3.2 x 10-~ 1.29 x 10-~

Natural gas-fired 1.29 x 10-7

H2SO4 plants 4 lbfton
(2 kglmetric ton)
of acid produced
MSW incinerators 250 tonsfday 24 mgldscf 30 ppmc 180 ppmc

a “kg/kJ” means kg per kilojoule heat input. Emission standards are in terms of kg/kJ unless otherwise
indicated.
‘‘dscf‘‘ means dry standard cubic foot, corrected to 7% oxygen.
“ppm” means parts per million by volume.