Medical Microbiology

orascompetitionassays.Fig.2. 28 illustratesthequantitativeIgEassay,Fig.

2. 29 theprocedurefordetectionofspecificIgEinpatientsera.Analogouspro-
   ceduresareusedtodetectspecificantibody-bindingcellsorcytokine-releas-
   ingTcells(Fig.2. 30 ).

In-VitroCellularImmunityReactions....................

IsolationofLymphocytes..............................

Themethodsusedtomeasurecellularimmunityareexperimentallycomplex.
Thefirststepistoisolatehumanlymphocytesfromblood,whichcanbe
achievedusingFicolldensitygradientcentrifugation.Certainlymphocyte

ImmunologicalTestMethods 129

BasicSolidPhaseTestTypes

a Direct test

Conjugate

Unknown antigen

Conjugate

Known antigen

Unknown antibody

Unknown antigen

Known antibody

Conjugate

b Sandwich method c Capture method

Conjugate

(labeled antigen)

Unknown

IgM antibody

Anti-IgM

Strong signal

Known antibody

Labeled

antigen

Signal reduction

Unknown

antigen

Known antibody

Labeled antigen

d Competitive test

2

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Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme

All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.