Contents XIX
- andImmunology
- GeneralAspectsofMedicalMicrobiology
- TheHistoryofInfectiousDiseases.................................. F.H.Kayser
- ThePast.....................................................
- TheHenle–KochPostulates................................
- ThePresent.................................................
- Pathogens...........................................................
- SubcellularInfectiousEntities.............................
- ProkaryoticandEukaryoticMicroorganisms..............
- Bacteria.....................................................
- FungiandProtozoa.........................................
- Animals.....................................................
- Host–PathogenInteractions.........................................
- BasicTerminologyofInfectiology..........................
- DeterminantsofBacterialPathogenicityandVirulence...
- Adhesion................................................
- InvasionandSpread....................................
- StrategiesagainstNonspecificImmunity..............
- StrategiesagainstSpecificImmunity..................
- ClinicalDisease.........................................
- RegulationofBacterialVirulence......................
- TheGeneticsofBacterialPathogenicity...............
- DefensesagainstInfection.................................
- NonspecificDefenseMechanisms......................
- SpecificDefenseMechanisms..........................
- DefectsinImmuneDefenses...........................
- NormalFlora................................................
- B-CellEpitopesandB-CellProliferation...............
- MonoclonalAntibodies.................................
- T-IndependentBCellResponses.......................
- TCells.......................................................
- T-CellActivation........................................
- T-CellActivationbySuperantigens....................
- InteractionsbetweenCellsoftheImmuneSystem.......
- Collaboration...........................................
- SubpopulationsofTHelperCells......................
- CytotoxicTCells(CD8+TCells)........................
- Cytokines(Interleukins)andAdhesion................
- NaturalKillerCells..................................... Antibody-DependentCellularImmunityand
- Mechanisms............................................ Humoral,Antibody-DependentEffector
- TheComplementSystem...................................
- ImmunologicalCellDeath..................................
- ImmunologicalTolerance...........................................
- T-CellTolerance............................................
- B-CellTolerance............................................
- ImmunologicalMemory............................................
- B-CellMemory.............................................
- T-CellMemory..............................................
- ImmuneDefensesagainstInfectionandTumorImmunity.........
- GeneralRulesApplyingtoInfectionDefenses............
- ImmuneProtectionandImmunopathology..............
- ImmuneDefenses..................................... InfluenceofProphylacticImmunizationonthe
- TumorImmunity..........................................
- ThePathologicalImmuneResponse................................
- TypeI:IgE-TriggeredAnaphylaxis........................
- TypeII:CytotoxicHumoralImmuneResponses..........
- AutoantibodyResponses..............................
- Anti-bloodGroupAntibodyReactions................
- TypeIII:DiseasesCausedbyImmuneComplexes........
- TypeIV:Cell-mediatedImmunopathology...............
- TransplantationImmunity.........................................
- ImmuneDefectsandImmuneResponseModulation..............
- ImmuneDefects
- Immunoregulation........................................
- Immunostimulation...................................
- Immunosuppression...................................
- AdaptiveImmunotherapy.............................
- Immunoregulation........................................
- ImmunologicalTestMethods......................................
- AntigenandAntibodyAssays.............................
- ImmunoprecipitationinLiquidsandGels............
- AgglutinationReactions...............................
- ComplementFixationTest(CFT)......................
- DirectandIndirectImmunofluorescence.............
- ImmunologicalTests.................................. RadioimmunologicalandEnzyme
- In-VitroCellularImmunityReactions....................
- IsolationofLymphocytes..............................
- LymphocyteFunctionTests...........................
- AntigenandAntibodyAssays.............................
- ImmuneDefects
- II Bacteriology
- GeneralBacteriology
- TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria................... F.H.Kayser
- BacterialForms............................................
- FineStructuresofBacteria................................
- Nucleoid(NucleusEquivalent)andPlasmids.........
- Cytoplasm.............................................
- TheCytoplasmicMembrane..........................
- CellWall...............................................
- Capsule................................................
- Flagella.................................................
- AttachmentPili(Fimbriae),ConjugationPili.........
- Biofilm.................................................
- BacterialSpores........................................
- ThePhysiologyofMetabolismandGrowthinBacteria............
- BacterialMetabolism......................................
- TypesofMetabolism..................................
- CatabolicReactions....................................
- AnabolicReactions....................................
- MetabolicRegulation..................................
- BacterialMetabolism......................................
- GrowthandCulturingofBacteria........................
- Nutrients...............................................
- GrowthandCellDeath................................
- TheMolecularBasisofBacterialGenetics.........................
- TheStructureofBacterialDNA...........................
- DNAReplication...........................................
- TranscriptionandTranslation.............................
- RegulationofGeneExpression...........................
- TheGeneticVariabilityofBacteria................................
- MolecularMechanismsofGeneticVariability............
- SpontaneousMutation................................
- Recombination.........................................
- IntercellularMechanismsofGeneticVariability..........
- Transformation........................................
- Transduction...........................................
- Conjugation............................................
- Restriction,Modification,andGeneCloning.........
- MolecularMechanismsofGeneticVariability............
- Bacteriophages.....................................................
- Definition..................................................
- Morphology................................................
- Composition...............................................
- Reproduction..............................................
- Lysogeny...................................................
- ThePrinciplesofAntibioticTherapy...............................
- Definitions.................................................
- SpectrumofAction........................................
- Efficacy....................................................
- MechanismsofAction.....................................
- Pharmacokinetics..........................................
- SideEffects................................................
- TheProblemofResistance................................
- Definitions.............................................
- Incidence,Significance................................
- ResistanceMechanisms...............................
- EvolutionofResistancetoAnti-InfectiveAgents.....
- ResistanceTests........................................
- CombinationTherapy.....................................
- Chemoprophylaxis.........................................
- Immunomodulators.......................................
- LaboratoryDiagnosis..............................................
- Preconditions,GeneralMethods,Evaluation.............
- Preconditions..........................................
- GeneralMethodsandEvaluation.....................
- SamplingandTransportofTestMaterial.................
- Microscopy................................................
- CulturingMethods........................................
- IdentificationofBacteria..................................
- MolecularMethods........................................
- DirectDetectionofBacterialAntigens....................
- DiagnosticAnimalTests...................................
- BacteriologicalLaboratorySafety.........................
- TaxonomyandOverviewofHumanPathogenicBacteria..........
- Classification...............................................
- Nomenclature.............................................
- Preconditions,GeneralMethods,Evaluation.............
- BacteriaasHumanPathogens
- Staphylococcus..................................................... F.H.Kayser
- Staphylococcusaureus................................
- Coagulase-NegativeStaphylococci(CNS).............
- StreptococcusandEnterococcus...................................
- Streptococcuspyogenes(AStreptococci).............
- Streptococcuspneumoniae(Pneumococci)...........
- Streptococcusagalactiae(BStreptococci).............
- OralStreptococci......................................
- Enterococcus(Enterococci)............................
- Gram-Positive,AnaerobicCocci....................................
- Bacillus.............................................................
- Bacillusanthracis(Anthrax)...........................
- Clostridium........................................................
- (ClostridialMyonecrosis)andAnaerobicCellulitis... ThePathogensThatCauseGasGangrene
- Clostridiumtetani(Tetanus)..........................
- Clostridiumbotulinum(Botulism)....................
- Clostridiumdifficile(PseudomembranousColitis)...
- Listeria,Erysipelothrix,andGardnerella...........................
- Listeriamonocytogenes...............................
- Erysipelothrixrhusiopathiae..........................
- Gardnerellavaginalis..................................
- Corynebacterium,Actinomyces,OtherGram-PositiveRodBacteria
- Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae(Diphtheria)...........
- Actinomyces...........................................
- OtherGram-PositiveRodBacteria....................
- Mycobacterium....................................................
- TuberculosisBacteria(TB).............................
- LeprosyBacteria(LB)..................................
- NontuberculousMycobacteria(NTM).................
- Nocardia...........................................................
- Neisseria,Moraxella,andAcinetobacter...........................
- Neisseriagonorrheae(Gonorrhea)....................
- Neisseriameningitidis(Meningitis,Sepsis)...........
- MoraxellaandAcinetobacter..........................
- Enterobacteriaceae,Overview......................................
- Salmonella(Gastroenteritis,TyphoidFever,ParatyphoidFever)...
- Shigella(BacterialDysentery).....................................
- Yersinia(Plague,Enteritis).........................................
- Yersiniapestis.........................................
- pseudotuberculosis.................................... YersiniaenterocoliticaandYersinia
- Escherichiacoli....................................................
- OpportunisticEnterobacteriaceae..................................
- Vibrio,Aeromonas,andPlesiomonas..............................
- Vibriocholerae(Cholera)..............................
- OtherVibrioBacteria..................................
- AeromonasandPlesiomonas..........................
- HaemophilusandPasteurella......................................
- Haemophilusinfluenzae..............................
- HaemophilusducreyiandHaemophilusaegyptius..
- Pasteurella.............................................
- Gram-NegativeRodBacteriawithLowPathogenicPotential......
- Campylobacter,Helicobacter,Spirillum............................
- Campylobacter.........................................
- Helicobacterpylori....................................
- Spirillumminus.......................................
- Pseudomonas,Stenotrophomonas,Burkholderia...................